摘要
中外英才教育在发展进程中一直存有争议,表现在本体论、认识论、方法论、价值论等诸多层面。本体论涉及英才学生的本质是什么,认识论涉及如何鉴别英才学生,方法论涉及英才学生的教育模式是什么,价值论涉及英才教育是否公平、有无效率与效能。这些争议的存在,使人们难以形成基本共识,延缓和阻碍了我国英才教育的政策进程,是导致我国英才教育落后的主因之一。在对这些争议进行分析和澄清的基础上,指出我国英才教育发展的认识误区、实践偏差与政策障碍,认为英才学生的定义是多元能力取向的,英才学生的鉴别要顾及能力因素和动机因素;英才教育的加速模式和充实模式各有利弊,可以组合使用;英才教育并不违反教育公平,所体现的是差异性公平;英才教育对提升国家创新能力和国际竞争力具有战略意义,需要大力发展。促进我国英才教育转型升级,要加强政府对英才教育的统筹管理,建立英才教育的政策与法律体系,健全大中小幼纵向贯通的英才教育体系,运用多元方式鉴别英才学生,采用充实模式为主、加速模式为辅的英才教育“混合模式”,打造一支专业化的英才教育师资队伍,建立健全包括财力支持、智力支持、社会支持在内的英才教育支持体系。
In the development of gifted and talented education in China and other countries,there always have been disputes reflected in ontology,epistemology,methodology,axiology and many other aspects. Ontology involves the essence of gifted and talented students,epistemology involves the ways to identify them,methodology involves the educational modes for them,and axiology involves the fairness and efficiency of gifted and talented education. These disputes make it difficult for people to reach a basic consensus,which hinders the development of the policy for gifted and talented education in China,and becomes one of the major reasons for the backwardness of gifted and talented education in China. Based on an analysis of these disputes,this study points out the misunderstanding,practice-related deviations,and policy obstacles in the development of gifted and talented education in China. The author holds the following views:The definition of gifted and talented students is multiability-oriented,and when we identify such students we need to take into account their ability and motivation factors;in gifted and talented education,the acceleration program and the enrichment program have their own advantages and disadvantages,and they can be used in combination with each other;gifted and talented education does not violate educational equity,but it reflects difference-based equity instead;and gifted and talented education is of strategic significance to the promotion of a country’s innovation capacity and international competitiveness,and thus needs to make great effort in development. In conclusion,the author offers proposals to promote the policy for the transformation and upgrading of gifted and talented education in China. The proposals include strengthening the overall management of gifted and talented education by the government,establishing the policy and the legal system for gifted and talented education,improving the gifted and talented education system vertically connecting universities,middle schools,primary schools
作者
褚宏启
Chu Hongqi(Beijing Open University,Beijing 100081)
出处
《教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第12期113-129,共17页
Educational Research
基金
国家社会科学基金2021年度教育学重点课题“新时代教育公平的重点问题与政策体系研究”(课题批准号:AGA210014)的研究成果。
关键词
英才教育
鉴别
加速模式
充实模式
教育公平
gifted and talented education
identification
acceleration program
enrichment program
educational equity
