摘要
以敦煌市干旱绿洲区葡萄园为研究对象,利用Flow3-1K包裹式茎流计获取2018年6-9月葡萄树液流数据,经过尺度拓展得到冠层尺度上的蒸腾,分析其变化特征;用小型自动气象站和土壤水分传感器监测气象因子和土壤含水量,从昼夜连续时间和特定时间点(7:00、14:00、21:00)两个时间维度分析蒸腾对环境因子的响应.结果表明,日尺度上,蒸腾呈现单峰曲线、昼高夜低的特征,夜间存在较弱蒸腾;不同天气下,蒸腾的变化会出现明显差异.月尺度上,6-9月日蒸腾在0.28~5.21mm/d变化,6月开始上升,7月达到最大,随后一直下降至9月;各月不同天之间中午时段蒸腾波动较大.昼夜连续时间上,影响蒸腾的主要环境因子是净辐射(Rn)和饱和水汽压差(V),其次是风速(S);特定时间点上,蒸腾对各环境因子的响应程度存在差异,其中Rn和V主导时间不同.蒸腾与Rn和V皆呈正相关,当Rn和V增加到一定程度时,蒸腾增速减缓甚至停止增加;当S上升到1.5 m/s左右时蒸腾会明显下降.V整体变化滞后于蒸腾,在到达峰值时间上最明显;Rn除了在8、9月到达峰值滞后蒸腾之外,整体与蒸腾几乎同步变化;S与V类似,整体变化滞后于蒸腾.以Rn、V、S建立的多元回归模型可以解释蒸腾93%的变化.
With the vineyards in arid oasis areas of Dunhuang City as the study object,the flow data of grape sap from June to September in 2018 were obtained via the Flow3-1K wrapped stem flow meter Transpiration at canopy scale was obtained through scale expansion,and the change characteristics of transpiration were analyzed.A small automatic weather station and a soil moisture sensor were used to monitor meteorological factors and soil moisture content,and the response of transpiration to environmental factors was analyzed from the two time dimensions of day-night continuous time and specific time points (7:00,14:00,21:00).The results showed that on the daily scale,transpiration presented the characteristics of single peak curve,high in the day and low at night,and weak transpiration existed at night.Under different weather,the change of transpiration would show obvious difference.At the monthly scale,transpiration varied from 0.28 to 5.21 mm/d from June to September,beginning to rise in June and reaching the maximum in July,and then decreasing until September.Transpiration fluctuated greatly at noon between different days in each month.In the diurnal continuous time,the main environmental factors affecting transpiration were the net radiation (R) and saturated vapor pressure difference (V),followed by wind speed (S).At specific time points,transpiration had different responses to various environmental factors,of which Rand V had different dominant times.Transpiration was positively correlated with Rand V.When Rand V increased to a certain extent,the growth rate of transpiration slowed down or even stopped increasing.When S rose to about 1.5 m/s,transpiration would decrease significantly.The overall change of V lagged behind transpiration and was most obvious at the peak time.Rchanged almost synchronously with transpiration except that it reached the peak value and lagged behind transpiration in August and September.S and V were similar in that the overall change lagged behind that of transpiration.The multiple regressio
作者
朱永泰
陈惠玲
秦文华
徐聪
张扬
朱高峰
ZHU Yong-tai;CHEN Hui-ling;QIN Wen-hua;XU Cong;ZHANG Yang;ZHU Gao-feng(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China)
出处
《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期569-578,587,共11页
Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(41871078)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0406602)。
关键词
葡萄
环境因子
蒸腾
干旱绿洲区
grape
environmental factor
transpiration
arid oasis area
