摘要
国葬是国家授予逝者的一种特殊荣典,具有追崇往者、激励来兹的重要功用。20世纪30年代,以“党国”政要谭延闿的逝世为契机,南京国民政府接连制订颁布了《国葬法》《国葬仪式》和《国葬先哲逝世日纪念典礼条例》,建立起一套相对完备规整的国葬制度。据统计,自1927年至1949年间,有23人及1个烈士群体被国民党政权颁令国葬。然而,由于时局政局动荡、政府力量薄弱等原因,大部分人徒具国葬之“名”而无国葬之“实”。应该说,国葬制度本身确有表彰逝者、激励国民为国贡献的潜在作用,但从社会舆论对国葬制度的评价反馈来看,宏大华丽的仪式场景大多只能显示政要们所享有的身后哀荣,实际上难以产生对国民党政权建构统治合法性及凝聚人心的政治仪式效果。
State funeral is a special ceremony granted by the state to the deceased,which has the important function of honoring the deceased and inspiring the future generations.In the 1930s,taking the death of the Kuomintang dignitary Tan Yenkai as an opportunity,the Nanjing National Government successively enacted the State Funeral Law,the State Funeral Ceremony and the Regulations on the Commemorative Ceremony of the State Funeral Sage’s Death Day,establishing a relatively complete and standardized state funeral system.According to statistics,from 1927 to 1949,twenty-three people and one martyr group were awarded state funerals by the Kuomintang regime.However,due to the political turmoil and weakness of the government power,most people have the“name”of a state funeral but not the“reality”of a state funeral.It should be said that the state funeral system itself does have the potential role of honoring the deceased and motivating citizens to contribute to the country,but from the feedback of public opinion on the state funeral system,the grand and magnificent ceremonial scenes mostly only show the glory of dignitaries after their death,in fact,it is difficult to produce the political ceremony effect of constructing the ruling legitimacy and rallying people's hearts to the Kuomintang regime.
作者
林柏耀
LIN Baiyao(School of History,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《安徽史学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第1期80-89,共10页
Historical Research In Anhui
关键词
国葬
南京国民政府
国民党
政治仪式
state funeral
Nanjing National Government
Kuomintang
political ceremony
