摘要
滨海湿地是滨海区域高质量发展的重要资源基础和生态安全屏障,是全面推进陆海统筹战略,构建陆海命运共同体的重要依托。理论和实践表明:受损滨海湿地修复需要同毗邻未受损自然湿地协同优化,以提升滨海湿地综合生态功能,强化滨海区域生态安全屏障,并提升气候变化背景下滨海湿地应对海平面上升的长期适应性,减缓自然-人为双向“海岸挤压”效应下滨海湿地的退化消失。据此,文章提出了构建应对围垦开发和适应海平面上升情形下“三线整合”中国滨海湿地生态安全格局相关概念,包括:抢救性保护生态红线区,优先开展湿地修复的生态修复绿线区,以及适应气候变化影响下海平面上升的生态预留蓝线区。“三线整合”生态安全格局强调应将湿地修复纳入区域生态系统格局与功能协同优化过程,是对以往局限于小尺度、孤立的湿地修复格局的反思,也是将湿地修复提升到区域生态安全层面的理论与实践探索。在剖析相关概念的基础上,文章针对我国滨海湿地保护修复、海岸带管理和国土空间开发提出了相关对策和建议。
Coastal wetlands function as key socioeconomic resources as well as ecological barriers for sustainable development in coastal regions.Although previous research and practices indicate that restoration of degraded wetlands needs combination with intact natural wetlands to achieve best integrated ecosystem services,this kind of integration is still lacking both in research and practice.In the past decades,increased land reclamation coupling with climate change(e.g.sea level rise)have led considerable coastal squeeze effects and intensified degradation and loss in coastal wetlands along Chinese coastline,restoration of damaged coastal wetlands is therefore urgently needed to enhance the overall ecological functions of coastal wetlands and to strengthen the coastal resilience under coupled human-natural stresses.Here,a framework of"three-line integration"spatial strategy is conceptualized to develop ecological security pattern of coastal wetlands in China.The proposed spatial strategy addresses to establish an integrated coastal ecological security pattern by delineating RGB(red-green-blue)multiple zones,in which red-line area(remaining nature habitats)is prioritized for coastal wetland conservation,incorporating with green-line area(impaired habitats with high restoration potential)reserved for urgent restoration and blue-line area allocated for adaption to long-term sea level rise.In addition,some related issues were discussed covering coastal wetland conservation and restoration,wise land use and sustainable development.
作者
李晓文
智烈慧
马田田
刘增力
崔保山
邵冬冬
曹宇
穆泳林
LI Xiaowen;ZHI Liehui;MA Tiantian;LIU Zengli;CUI Baoshan;SHAO Dongdong;CAO Yu;MU Yonglin(School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Agro-Environmental Protection Institute,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Tianjin 300191,China;Academy of Forestry Inventory and Planning,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100714,China;School of Public Affairs,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)
出处
《中国科学院院刊》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期123-133,共11页
Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFE0121500)
国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目(U22A20558)
国家自然科学基金项目(32171572、31770576)。
关键词
海岸挤压
海平面上升
滨海湿地
一体化保护修复
“三线整合”空间策略
生态安全格局
coastal squeeze
sea level rise
coastal wetlands
integrated conservation and restoration
“three-line integration”spatial strategy
ecological security pattern
