摘要
采用文献资料法,对中国滨海湿地蓝色碳汇的概念、机理、功能、评估方法、增汇技术、制约因素、交易市场和滨海保护与修复等方面的研究进行了评述。滨海湿地的概念有广义和狭义之分,随着研究的深入,目前多倾向于采用广义概念;滨海湿地蓝色碳汇指生态系统吸收和固化碳的过程和机制;滨海湿地具有强大的固碳能力,但是不同类型滨海湿地的固碳能力存在差异;还没有采用统一的计量方法评估滨海湿地的蓝色碳汇,因此,采用不同的方法,评估各种生境的蓝色碳汇;固碳增汇技术主要包括植物物种选择与种植相结合技术、生境改造技术、种植技术和管理技术;当前,中国的滨海湿地生态系统结构和功能总体上呈退化趋势、蓝色碳汇衡量和标准化尚未成熟、蓝色碳汇交易市场建设缓慢共同制约着滨海湿地蓝色碳汇的发展;滨海湿地蓝色碳汇交易市场建设包括蓝色碳汇标准体系建设和蓝色碳汇交易实施机制建设;在生态退化诊断、修复目标、修复措施、修复监测、修复成效评估等方面开展了滨海湿地保护与修复的研究。未来,应该强化滨海湿地碳循环机理、固碳增汇技术、系统量化方法、市场交易机制、国际合作机制等方面的研究。
Documentation method is adopted in this paper to review the concept, mechanism, function,evaluation method, technology, restriction factors, trading market as well as wetland conservation and restoration of blue carbon sinks in coastal wetlands of China. The concept of coastal wetlands can be divided into broad and narrow sense. With the deepening of research, the broad concept is applied mostly at present.Blue carbon sink in coastal wetlands refers to the process and mechanism of carbon absorption and solidification by ecosystem. Coastal wetlands have strong carbon sequestration capacity, but different types of coastal wetlands have different carbon sequestration capacity. There is no unified measurement method to evaluate the blue carbon sink in the coastal wetlands. Therefore, different methods are used to evaluate the blue carbon sink in various habitats. The technologies of carbon sequestration mainly include the combination of selection and planting of plant species, habitat modification, planting and management. At present, the structure and function of ecosystems of coastal wetlands in China have generally degraded, the measurement and standardization of blue carbon are not mature, and the construction of blue carbon trading market is slow,which restricts development of blue carbon sink in the coastal wetlands. The construction of trading market of blue carbon of the coastal wetlands includes construction of standard system of blue carbon and construction of blue carbon trading implementation mechanism. Studies on the protection and restoration of the coastal wetlands have been carried out in aspects of diagnosis of ecological degradation, restoration objectives,restoration measures, restoration monitoring and assessment of restoration effectiveness. In the future, the studies on the carbon cycle mechanism, carbon sequestration technology, systematic quantification method,market trading mechanism and international cooperation mechanism of coastal wetlands should be strengthened.
作者
蔡爱军
马随随
CAI Aijun;MA Suisui(School of Public Policy and Management,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,Jiangsu,P.R.China;Yancheng Municipal Party School,Yancheng 224007,Jiangsu,P.R.China;College of Urban and Planning,Yancheng Teachers University,Yancheng 224007,Jiangsu,P.R.China)
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期846-851,共6页
Wetland Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41771199)资助。
关键词
滨海湿地
蓝色碳汇
机理
功能
评估方法
制约因素
交易市场
coastal wetlands
blue carbon sink
mechanism
function
evaluation methods
restraining factors
trading market
