摘要
为探索适用于高密度池塘养殖尾水处理和水循环利用的生态工程技术,本研究构建了一套基于组合湿地的池塘循环水养殖系统。在考察组合湿地对池塘尾水中氮、磷等物质去除效果和养殖过程中池塘水质动态变化的基础上,分析评估了系统氮、磷利用效率。结果显示:在5.54 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d)高水力负荷下,组合湿地对氨氮(TAN)、硝态氮(NO-3-N)、总悬浮物(TSS)、总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)和化学耗氧量(COD)去除率分别为68.94%、-25.38%、60.86%、43.56%、16.67%和27.98%,湿地出水水质满足渔业养殖用水要求;养殖过程中,循环塘TAN、NO-2-N浓度较低,均值分别为0.72 mg/L、0.10 mg/L,显著低于对照塘,DO均值为4.85 mg/L,显著高于对照塘且较为稳定;主养品种黄颡鱼产量达到391.38 kg,较对照塘提高9.11%;氮、磷相对利用率分别提高10.68%和11.20%,绝对利用率分别提高11.06%和11.49%,环境积累占氮、磷支出比例分别减少8.90%和28.21%。结果表明组合湿地-池塘循环水养殖系统在节约水资源、提升养殖效果、提高氮磷物质利用效率等方面具有明显优势,是一种值得深入研究并推广应用的生态养殖模式。
A pond recirculating aquaculture system based on combined constructed wetland was constructed to explore ecological engineering technology suitable for tail water treatment and water recycling in high-density pond culture.The treatment effect of combined constructed wetlands on nitrogen,phosphorus and other substances in pond tailwater and the dynamic changes of pond water quality during aquaculture were investigated.On this basis,the aquaculture system′s nitrogen and phosphorus utilization efficiency was analyzed.The results showed the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen(TAN),nitrate nitrogen(NO-3-N),total suspended matter(TSS),total phosphorus(TP),total nitrogen(TN)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)were 68.94%,-25.38%,60.86%,43.56%,16.67%and 27.98%when the hydraulic load was 5.54 m^(3)/(m^(2)·d).After the constructed wetland treatment,the water quality meets aquaculture′s water requirements.During the culture period,the mean concentrations of TAN and NO-2-N in the recirculating pond were 0.72 mg/L and 0.10 mg/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than those in the control pond.The mean concentration of DO was 4.85 mg/L,which was higher than that in the control pond and relatively stable.The yield of yellow catfish reached 391.38 kg,9.11%higher than the control pond.The relative utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were increased by 10.68%and 11.20%,and the absolute utilization rates were increased by 11.06%and 11.49%,respectively.The proportion of environmental accumulation in nitrogen and phosphorus expenditure decreased by 8.90%and 28.21%,respectively.In conclusion,the combined constructed wetland-pond recirculating aquaculture has apparent advantages in saving water resources,improving the aquaculture effect and improving the utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus.It is a kind of ecological aquaculture mode worthy of further study and promotion.
作者
柳磊
陶玲
代梨梨
彭亮
李谷
LIU Lei;TAO Ling;DAI Li-li;PENG Liang;LI Gu(Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《淡水渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期92-101,共10页
Freshwater Fisheries
基金
国家自然科学基金重点支持项目(U20A2010)
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0900302)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-45-22)。
关键词
组合湿地
池塘
净化效果
循环水养殖
氮磷收支
combined constructed wetland
pond
treatment performance
recirulating aquaculture
nitrogen and phosphorus budget
