摘要
小农经济和伦理政治文化共同塑造的家国同构不仅指古代中国的社会形态,也是理想状态下的治国之道。自孔子起,先秦儒家一直致力于梳理家与国的关系,孟子对舜孝子圣王形象的塑造从侧面反映了他继承了孔子的家本位家国同构理念。家国同构治国理念最终经荀子改造,完成了国本位的构建,并为后世的大一统王朝所沿用。家国同构有其功用,它给予了古代基层自治的动力、梳理了古代法治中情理法的关系、为统治者提供了政权合理合法性的道德基础。虽然家国同构作为一种治国理念在二十世纪初被摒弃,但作为古人治理智慧的结晶,依然可以为当前乡村基层治理提供广泛的思路与启示。它提供了用新型乡约助力自治、将村规民约纳入乡村治理的规则中以及将社会主义核心价值注入家风德治教化这三种思路。而这三者可以有效地促进农村基层的自治、法治和德治建设,促进“三治融合”,用古代中国的治国智慧完善当代的治理现代化体系。
Family-state isomorphism,jointly shaped by a combination of small-scale peasant economy and ethical political culture,refers not only to the social form of ancient China,but also to the ideal way of governance of the state. Pre-Qin Confucians have been devoted to sorting out the relationship between family and state since Confucius. Mencius’ s shaping of the image of Shun’s filial son,the holy king,reflects that he has inherited Confucius’ concept of home-based family-state isomorphism,and it’s finally transformed by Xunzi as state-based family-state isomorphism,which was followed by later great unification dynasties. Family-state isomorphism has its function,as it gave the ancient rural autonomy driving force,sorted out the relationship between emotion,regulations and law,and provided the rulers with a moral basis for the rational legitimacy of the regime.Although the family-state isomorphism as a philosophy of governance was discarded in the early twentieth century,as a crystallization of the ancient wisdom of governance,it can still provide a wide range of ideas and inspiration for current rural governance. It offers three methods to the practice: using new covenants to help self-governance,incorporating village rules and regulations into the rural legal system,and injecting socialist core values into the moral indoctrination of family customs.These three methods can not only effectively promote the construction of self-governance,governance by law and governance by morality at the rural grassroots level,but also promote the integration of the“three governance”,using ancient Chinese governance wisdom to improve governance modernization system at present.
作者
于语和
穆亨
YU Yu-he;MU Heng
出处
《原生态民族文化学刊》
CSSCI
2023年第1期71-82,154,155,共14页
Journal of Ethnic Culture
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“依法治国的中国传统法律文化溯源研究”(19BFX021)。
关键词
家国同构
治国理念
乡村基层
三治融合
isomorphism of home and country
concept of governance
rural grassroots
integration of three governance
