摘要
【目的】了解≥18岁成年人群在新型冠状病毒(SARS⁃CoV⁃2)灭活疫苗全程免疫后血清特异性抗体水平,并分析其影响因素。【方法】以浙江省湖州市德清县已完成2剂次SARS⁃CoV⁃2灭活疫苗全程接种的18岁及以上居民为研究对象,收集性别、年龄、接种疫苗种类以及2剂次接种时间等信息,采集研究对象血清样本,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)定量检测SARS⁃CoV⁃2受体结合结构域(RBD)特异性抗体水平,并分析其影响因素。【结果】接种了SARS⁃CoV⁃2灭活疫苗加强针人群的IgG抗体水平中位数高于完成2剂次全程接种人群,也高于只接种1剂次疫苗人群(P<0.05)。男性IgG抗体水平中位数为9.73(4.01~23.70)RU‧mL^(−1),低于女性[17.76(7.07~49.23)RU‧mL^(−1)](P<0.05)。国药集团北京生物制品研究所疫苗接种人群IgG抗体水平中位数为6.53(0.97~13.69)RU‧mL^(−1),低于北京科兴中维生物技术有限公司疫苗接种人群[17.29(8.54~43.73)RU‧mL^(−1)](P<0.05),也低于2种疫苗序贯接种人群[12.00(5.45~40.06)RU‧mL^(−1)](P<0.05)。距离第2剂次接种的间隔时间>6个月人群的IgG抗体水平中位数为9.73(3.83~23.63)RU‧mL^(−1),低于接种3~6个月人群[14.66(6.36~35.98)RU‧mL^(−1)](P<0.05)。影响因素分析显示,女性比男性疫苗接种效果好(χ^(2)=16.464,P<0.05);18~45岁年龄组人群疫苗接种效果更好(χ^(2)=7.158,P<0.05);接种北京科兴中维生物技术有限公司疫苗的人群效果更好(χ^(2)=49.637,P<0.05);距离第2剂次接种时间间隔>6个月的人群,疫苗接种效果下降(χ^(2)=8.447,P<0.05)。【结论】性别、年龄、疫苗种类一定程度上会影响免疫接种的效果,18岁及以上成年人群全程接种SARS⁃CoV⁃2灭活疫苗后呈现较好的免疫原性,但在接种6个月以后会出现疫苗接种效果显著下降,应及时接种加强针,以保持体内特异性抗体水平。
[Objective]To investigate the specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody in adults and above after initial vaccination with inactivated COVID-19 vaccine,and determine the influencing factors.[Methods]In this study,residents aged 18 and above who had completed two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in Deqing County,Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province were included.Information such as gender,age,type of vaccine and vaccination time were collected,and serum specimens were sampled.Anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain(RBD)antibody was quantitatively examined by enzyma-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and influencing factors were determined.[Results]The median concentration of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in the residents vaccinated with an inactivated booster vaccine was higher than that in those vaccinated with only two doses of COVID-19 vaccine or single dose(P<0.05).The median concentration of IgG antibody in males was 9.73(4.01‒23.70)RU‧mL^(−1),lower than 17.76(7.07‒49.23)RU‧mL^(−1)in females(P<0.05).The median concentration in the residents vaccinated with BBIBP-CorV(Sinopharm)was 6.53(0.97‒13.69)RU‧mL^(−1),which was lower than that in those vaccinated with CoronaVac(Sinovac)that was 17.29(8.54‒43.73)RU‧mL^(−1)(P<0.05).The median concentration in those with BBIBP-CorV was also lower than 12(5.45‒40.06)RU‧mL^(−1)in those with heterologous booster vaccine(P<0.05).The median concentration was 9.73(3.83‒23.63)RU‧mL^(−1)in the residents with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose,which was lower than 14.66(6.36‒35.98)RU‧mL^(−1)in those with an interval of 3‒6 months(P<0.05).Moreover,immune effect was better in females(χ^(2)=16.464,P<0.05),18‒45 years(χ^(2)=7.158,P<0.05),and those vaccinated with CornaVac(χ^(2)=49.637,P<0.05),while decreased in those with an interval of more than 6 months from the second dose(χ^(2)=8.447,P<0.05).[Conclusion]Gender,age,and type of vaccine may affect the effect of immunization.The COVID-19 vaccination shows an acceptable immunogeni
作者
毛传武
陈颖峰
张莉
解玉阳
董晓莲
蒋露芳
姜庆五
MAO Chuanwu;CHEN Yingfeng;ZHANG Li;XIE Yuyang;DONG Xiaolian;JIANG Lufang;JIANG Qingwu(School of Public Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China;Deqing County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huzhou Zhejiang 313200,China)
出处
《上海预防医学》
CAS
2022年第11期1118-1122,共5页
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
