摘要
在我国“双碳目标”与“城市更新”的双擎驱动下,面向既有住宅的节能改造议题重新唤起社会与业界的广泛关注。然而,单一采用传统围护改造技术普遍存在系统整合度低、施工周期长、建造品控难、环境与住户干扰大等问题而无法实现可持续效益最大化。对此,本研究立足于轻型装配式技术与住宅节能改造的融合潜力,援引欧洲50号项目(ANNEX 50)的瑞士体系为核心案例,提取其“小模块”“半预制”“高性能”三大围护改造策略,进而针对围护预制模块的集成化、适应性、性能化展开深入解析,据此为我国城镇住宅开展轻型装配式节能改造提供参考与建议,以推动我国建筑行业的可持续转型。
With the acceleration of China’s urbanization process,the stock of urban housing has developed rapidly.Currently,34.5%of urban residences are over 20 years old with poor construction quality and low energy standards,becoming a critical obstacle to achieving the“dual carbon”goals.Although China has attached great importance to residential energy retrofit in recent years,there are still certain limitations compared with Europe,especially in single retrofit action with low systematic integration,reliance on on-site construction leading to severe environmental pollution,and relatively low energy-saving and carbon-reduction goals.In contrast,some European countries have turned to more comprehensive sustainable renewal since the beginning of this century and successfully integrated the lightweight prefabricated technology and the nearly zero-energy building system into residential retrofit scenarios.Among these practices,there is no doubt that the ANNEX 50 project funded by the IEA ECBCS is the most representative.In this regard,this paper selects the Swiss practice in the ANNEX 50 project as the core research target and extracts its three key retrofitting strategies:small modules,semi prefabrication,and high performance.The“small-module”strategy refers to the use of small-scale standardized envelope modules,the core of which is the highly integrated design of multiple building systems.Taking the standard F4.1 façade module as an example,it is divided into four fundamental constructive layers:leveling layer,structural layer,thermal insulation layer,and finish layer,to integrate various functions such as structure,insulation,day lighting,ventilation,sunshading,waterproofing,air-tightness,and even building aesthetics,etc.Especially,it creatively integrates the mechanical ventilation ducts within the envelope module for supplying fresh air,achieving simultaneous improvements in indoor environmental quality(IEQ),space adaptation,and construction efficiency.The article also discusses the internal and external con
作者
林正豪
褚英男
庄霖
宋晔皓
LIN Zhenghao;CHU Yingnan;ZHUANG Lin;SONG Yehao
出处
《西部人居环境学刊》
CSCD
2022年第6期7-15,共9页
Journal of Human Settlements in West China
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52078264)
国家自然科学基金青年项目(51908358)
国家重点研发计划“战略性科技创新合作”专项(2022YFE0208600)
广州市科技局基础与应用基础项目(202102020985)。
关键词
节能改造
预制装配
模块化
瑞士
欧洲
Energy Retrofit
Prefabrication
Modular
Switzerland
Europe
