摘要
【目的】为探明有机肥对胡麻籽粒灌浆特性调控效应,探索提升旱地胡麻籽粒产量的绿色高产栽培技术。【方法】以定亚26号(V1)和陇亚11号(V2)为试验材料,通过田间三因素裂区设计,以不施肥(CK)为对照,比较分析了羊粪(S1:12500 kg/hm^(2);S2:25000 kg/hm^(2))、鸡粪(C1:5800 kg/hm^(2);C2:11600 kg/hm^(2))和化肥(F1:N112.5 kg/hm^(2)、P75 kg/hm^(2)、K67.5 kg/hm^(2);F2:N225 kg/hm^(2)、P150 kg/hm^(2)、K135 kg/hm^(2))对植株干物质积累量、籽粒灌浆特性及产量的影响。【结果】品种、肥料种类和施肥水平对各指标存在显著互作效应。V1品种全生育期干物质积累量、积累速率和籽粒灌浆速率较V2分别高出8.84%、7.32%和5.46%。有机肥显著增加了胡麻干物质积累量和积累速率,干物质积累速率羊粪和鸡粪分别较化肥高出24.97%和12.55%(V1)、21.36%和8.93%(V2),籽粒灌浆速率显著高出11.53%和6.57%(V1)、8.99%和8.06%(V2),且较高水平(S2)羊粪效果均优于其他处理。各处理灌浆期粒重与花后天数符合Logistic方程,决定系数均在0.98以上。羊粪显著提高了平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率和最大灌浆速率时生长量,且V1显著高于V2,S2水平下最大灌浆速率较S1高出7.11%~8.53%,灌浆持续期天数和灌浆活跃期显著延长。相关性分析表明,平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率时生长量、活跃灌浆期持续天数、快增期灌浆速率与千粒质量呈显著或极显著正相关。施25000 kg/hm^(2)羊粪的产量较其他处理显著高出7.56%~53.43%。【结论】不同胡麻品种对有机肥的响应不同,施羊粪25000 kg/hm^(2)可显著促进胡麻植株生长发育,优化籽粒灌浆特性,增加籽粒产量,是试区胡麻绿色高产的栽培管理技术。
[Objective]In order to explore the regulation effect of organic fertilizer on the grain filling characteristics of flax,and to explore the green high yield cultivation techniques to improve the grain yield of flax in dry land.[Method]Dingya 26(V_(1))and Longya 11(V_(2))were used as experimental materials,and made field experiment through three-factor split plot design.The non-fertilization(CK)was as the control,the effect of sheep manure(S_(1):12500 kg/hm^(2);S:25000 kg/hm^(2)),chicken manure(C_(1):5800 kg/hm^(2);C_(2):11600 kg/hm^(2))and chemical fertilizer(F_(1):N112.5 kg/hm^(2),P75 kg/hm^(2),K67.5 kg/hm^(2);F_(2):N225 kg/hm^(2),P150 kg/hm^(2),K135 kg/hm^(2))on plant dry matter accumulation,grain filling characteristics and yield were studied.[Result]Variety,fertilizer type and fertilization level had significant interaction effects on each index.The dry matter accumulation,accumulation rate and grain filling rate of V_(1) were 8.84%,7.32%and 5.46%higher than those of V_(2),respectively.Organic fertilizer significantly increased the dry matter accumulation and accumulation rate of flax,and the dry matter accumulation rates of sheep manure and chicken manure were 24.97%and 12.55%(V_(1)),21.36%and 8.93%(V_(2))higher than those of chemical fertilizer,respectively.the grain filling rate was significantly higher than 11.53%and 6.57%(V_(1)),8.99%and 8.06%(V_(2)),and the effect of sheep manure at higher level(S_(2))was better than that of other treatments.The grain weight at filling stage and the days after anthesis of each treatment accorded with Logistic equation,and the determination coefficient was more than 0.98.The application of sheep dung significantly increased the average filling rate,the maximum filling rate and the growth of the maximum filling rate,and V_(1) was significantly higher than V_(2).The maximum filling rate at S_(2) level was higher by 7.11%to 8.53%than that of S_(1).The filling duration and filling active period were significantly prolonged.Correlation analysis showed that average filling rate
作者
马幸康
高玉红
吴兵
马兴帮
王一帆
剡斌
崔政军
MA Xingkang;GAO Yuhong;WU Bing;MA Xingbang;WANG Yifan;YAN Bin;CUI Zhengjun(College of Agromony,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid land Crop,Lanzhou 730070,China;College of Life Sciences and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1349-1361,共13页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
中央引导地方科技发展专项基金项目(ZCYD-2021-12)
甘肃省教育科技创新产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-38)
CARS-国家特色油料产业技术体系项目(CARS-14-1-16)。
关键词
胡麻
有机肥
干物质积累
籽粒灌浆
产量
flax
organic fertilizer
dry matter accumulation
grain-filling
yield
