摘要
在冬小麦种植过程中,管渠灌溉节水效果显著,但在氮肥利用上还未明晰合理指标。为探究管渠灌溉冬小麦适宜的施氮量,本试验设置6个处理,管渠灌溉条件下不施氮处理(G-N_(0)),施氮150 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(1)),施氮240 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(2)),施氮300 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(3)),施氮360 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(4)),畦灌条件下施氮300 kg/hm^(2)(Q-N_(3)),其中G-N_(0)为空白对照,G-N_(3)为传统施氮对照,分析管渠灌溉不同施氮量对干物质积累量、籽粒产量和氮肥利用效率的影响以及管渠灌溉与传统畦灌相同施氮量的干物质积累量、籽粒产量和氮肥利用效率的影响。结果显示,在G-N_(2)和G-N_(3)处理干物质积累量相较于G-N_(0)处理分别增加了22.87%和21.07%,籽粒产量相较于G-N_(0)处理分别增加了69.92%和68.08%,两个处理都能实现高产;在G-N_(2)处理的氮肥农学利用效率和氮肥生理利用效率最高,而过量施氮G-N_(4)处理的氮肥农学利用效率和氮肥生理利用效率明显降低,氮肥偏生产力随着施氮量的增加而降低;管渠灌溉G-N_(3)处理与传统畦灌Q-N_(3)处理相比干物质积累、产量和氮肥利用效率显著增加,成熟期籽粒干物质积累增加了8.54%,籽粒产量增加了14.41%,氮肥偏生产力增加了14.44,氮肥农学利用效率和氮肥生理利用效率分别增加了45.07%和17.84%。因此,管渠灌溉下冬小麦较优施氮量为240 kg/hm^(2)。
In the process of winter wheat planting,the water-saving effect of pipe and canal irrigation is remarkable,but there is no clear and reasonable index of nitrogen fertilizer utilization.In order to explore the appropriate nitrogen application rate of winter wheat irrigated by pipe and canal,six treatments were set up in this experiment,including no nitrogen application under pipe and canal irrigation(G-N_(0)).Nitrogen 150 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(1)),nitrogen 240 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(2)),Nitrogen 300 kg/hm^(2)(GN_(3)),Nitrogen was applied 360 kg/hm^(2)(G-N_(4)),Border irrigation under the condition of the 300 kg/hm^(2) nitrogen(Q-N_(3)),including G-N_(0) as biank control,G-N_(3) for traditional nitrogen control,ratio analysis pipe canal irrigation different N application rate on dry matter accumulation and grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency and the influence of the traditional canal irrigation and border irrigation of the same N application rate of dry matter accumulation and grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.The results showed that compared with G-N_(0) treatment,the dry matter accumulation of G-N_(2) and G-N_(3) treatments increased by 22.87% and 21.07%,and the grain yield increased by 69.92% and 68.08%,respectively.Both treatments could achieve high yield.The agronomic use efficiency and physiological use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in G-N_(2) treatment were the highest,while the agronomic use efficiency and physiological use efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer in G-N_(4) treatment with excessive nitrogen application were significantly decreased,and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.Compared with the traditional border irrigation Q-N_(3) treatment,the canal irrigation G-N_(3) treatment significantly increased dry matter accumulation,yield and nitrogen use efficiency.The grain dry matter accumulation increased by 8.54%,grain yield increased by 14.41%,and nitrogen partial productivity increased by 14.44.The agronomic and physiological use effic
作者
魏汇庆
邵亚茹
宫俪芹
陈立山
禹江达
王春堂
WEI Hui-qing;SHAO Ya-ru;GONG Li-qin;CHEN Li-shan;YU Jiang-da;WANG Chun-tang(College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering/Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China)
出处
《山东农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
北大核心
2022年第5期705-710,共6页
Journal of Shandong Agricultural University：Natural Science Edition
基金
山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GNC110015)
山东省自然科学基金(ZR2017MEE001)。
关键词
管渠灌溉
冬小麦
氮肥利用效率
Canal irrigation
winter wheat
Nitrogen use efficiency
