摘要
为探索絮团养殖技术在凡纳滨对虾淡化养殖中的可行性,在养殖过程无换水和养殖废水隔茬再利用的基础上,结合生物絮团技术(Biofloc technology,BFT)进行生态养殖试验。试验以蔗糖(红糖)为添加碳源,芽孢杆菌、光合细菌和嗜酸乳杆菌为异养菌进行生物絮团培养,蔗糖添加量为投饵量的70%,在当日第一次投饵时随饵料一起投入,异养菌每5 d添加一次;以传统养殖模式为对照组。结果显示,与对照池相比,BFT模式在不同养殖阶段均能有效调节养殖水质,总磷、活性磷酸盐、氨氮和无机氮含量降低比例最高分别为45.37%、94.82%、90.14%和20.74%;浮游植物多样性提高17.36%~22.93%,对虾生长速度提高18.39%。将废水再利用养殖模式与BFT技术相结合,有利于水质调节,对促进对虾养殖业节能减排有重要意义。
Litopenaeus vannamei is the most important species of shrimp culture.Freshwater culture accounts for nearly half of the output of L.vannamei culture,and freshwater shrimp culture has become an important culture mode.Biofloc technology(BFT)is an ecological aquaculture technology based on microbial activities.It can effectively deal with the shortage of water resources and improve the nutrient cycle of aquaculture system,which is conducive to the sustainable development of aquaculture.Shrimp culture is the key field of BFT technology research and application.The research contents include the types of BFT system,nitrogen removal ways,the nutritional value and function of flocs as well as the analysis of economic factors.Freshwater culture of L.vannamei is an important part of shrimp culture,and the undrained freshwater culture model of L.vannamei is suitable for places far away from the sea.In order to explore the feasibility of floc culture technology in the desalination culture of L.vannamei,the ecological culture experiment was carried out in combination with BFT on the basis of no water change and the reuse of culture wastewater after stubble separation.This study explored the role of BFT in a culture model of L.vannamei which non drainage and wastewater reused.The results showed that compared with the control pond,BFT mode could effectively regulated the breeding water quality at different breeding stages,and the highest reduction rates of total phosphorus,active phosphate,ammonia nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen were 45.37%,94.82%,90.14%and 20.74%,respectively;Phytoplankton diversity increased by 17.36%-22.93%,and shrimp growth rate increased by 18.39%.Wastewater reuse breeding mode combined with BFT technology is conducive to water quality regulation and is of great significance to promote energy conservation and emission reduction in shrimp breeding industry.
作者
李慧耀
张哲
葛辉
潘柏霖
杨章武
LI Huiyao;ZHANG Zhe;GE Hui;PAN Bolin;YANG Zhangwu(Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High Value Utilization of Marine Orgarzisms in Fujian Province,National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry Technology,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China)
出处
《渔业研究》
2022年第6期562-572,共11页
Journal of Fisheries Research
基金
2021年福建省海洋与渔业结构调整专项资金(2021HYJG16)。
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
生物絮团
水质
废水再利用
Litopenaeus vannamei
biofloc technology
water quality
wastewater reuse
