摘要
于2002年冬、春、夏和秋季对大亚湾浮游植物进行采样调查，分析了浮游植物的种类组成、丰度、优势种、多样性及群落结构的季节变化特征和平面分布特征。并讨论了浮游植物与营养盐、水温及环流等环境因子之间的关系。2002年大亚湾浮游植物共鉴定出48属114种（包括变型和变种），丰度范围在5．79×10^4-5．37×10^6cells／m^3之间，平均值为1．14×10^6cells／m^3。其中硅藻共37属84种，其种数和细胞丰度都占绝对优势，平均丰度为1．08×106cells／m^3，其次为甲藻，9属23种，平均丰度为9．91×10^4cells／m^3。此外还鉴定出蓝藻和金藻。大亚湾浮游植物丰度变化呈单一周期型，春夏季高，秋冬季节低。虽然硅藻的丰度占优势，但秋季硅藻丰度降低（占总丰度75．8％）使甲藻和蓝藻所占比例上升。研究得出春夏季大亚湾浮游植物主要以沿岸暖水性种类为主，秋季和冬季除沿岸暖水种之外，广布种和大洋种也较多，尤其在冬季后者占优势。大亚湾浮游植物优势种类多，不同季节既有交叉又有演替。与以往调查资料相比，部分优势种发生变化，优势程度顺序和细胞丰度发生了一定改变，个体较大的细胞丰度优势逐渐增加。另外，受季风、潮流、地理位置及人类活动影响，大亚湾浮游植物丰度和群落结构有一定的季节和平面分布特征。大亚湾浮游植物的多样性在夏季偏低，尤其在大亚湾核电站和大鹏澳养殖区附近表现明显。大亚湾浮游植物的丰度、种数、优势种演替及群落结构等其它群落特征与营养盐尤其是氮、磷和N／P、水温、环流等环境因子密切相关。
Daya Bay is one of a series of large bays along the southern coast of China, characterized by low rates of water exchange with seawater. Daya Bay has been subjected to red tides, which have attributed to a deterioration of ecosystem over several decades. To assess its current status, phytoplankton composition, abundance, community structure and diversity were investigated in each season in 2002. Furthermore, the relationships were discussed between its characteristics and the variation of environmental factors, mainly nutrients, temperature influenced by anthropological activity and salinity. Results showed that a total of 48 genera and 114 species of phytoplankton were identified. The largest component was Bacillariophyta containing 84 taxa. Pyrrophyta was the next most common with 9 genera and 23 species. Cyanophyceae and Chrysophyta were also recorded within the study area. The cells abundance of phytoplankton varied from 5.79 × 10^4to 5.37 × 10^6 cells/m^3 with an average of 1.14 × 10^6 cells/m^3 .Diatoms （the average of 1.08 × 10^6cells/m^3 ） were the predominant abundance recorded over the year. However, the percentage of diatoms （75.8%） in autumn was lower than other seasons. Dinoflagellates （the average of 9.91 × 10^4cells/m^3 ） were the secondly dominant group. Annual variatio-ns of the phytoplankton community in the Daya Bay show a typical one-peak cycle, with the highest cell abundance peak recorded in summer and the lowest recorded in autumn. The ecotypes of phytoplankton were mostly alongshore warm-water species, however, marine warm-water species and eurytopic species in winter and autumn are more abundant than the other seasons, especially in winter, which were dominant ecotypes. In Daya Bay the dominant species were diverse and variable with seasons. Compared with the data in the last two decades, some dominant species, the dominant sequence and ceils abundance have changed. Moreover, the total species decrease, but big ceils diatoms appearing mainly in winter and spring have inc
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第12期3948-3958,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KSCX2-SW-132KZCX3-SW-214)
广东省自然科学基金资助项目(032622)
中国科学院南海海洋研究所知识创新工程前沿领域资助项目(LYQY200303)~~
关键词
浮游植物
群落特征
大亚湾
phytoplankton
phytoplankton community characteristic
Daya Bay
