摘要
为探讨不同肥料处理下抽穗期高温胁迫对水稻籽粒淀粉酶活性及淀粉品质形成的影响,本试验以优质食味水稻南粳9108为材料,设置施用有机肥(OF)和常规化肥(CF)处理,于抽穗期进行常温(NT)、+2℃(较常温增加2℃,MT)和+5℃(较常温增加5℃,HT)处理,对籽粒淀粉合成特性进行研究。结果表明,抽穗期温度升高降低了蔗糖合成酶(SS)、淀粉合成酶(SSS)和淀粉分支酶(SBE)的活性,提高了蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和焦磷酸化酶(AGP)的活性。蔗糖含量、淀粉平均粒径、热焓值与峰值温度均表现为HT>MT>NT;淀粉含量、直链淀粉含量与黏度值则随着温度升高而下降。在肥料处理方面,各淀粉相关酶活性均表现为OF>CF,且在OF处理下有较好的淀粉品质。综上所述,温度升高通过抑制淀粉合成,加速了形成淀粉原料的积累,进而导致籽粒中蔗糖含量升高;有机肥处理能促进蔗糖合成并提高淀粉合成相关酶活性。从气候变暖应对措施方面,可选择有机肥替代化肥调控淀粉相关酶活性,进一步改善淀粉品质。本研究结果为减少高温对水稻的危害与提高淀粉品质提供了技术参考。
To study the effect of high temperature stress on amylase activity and starch quality formation in rice grain under different fertilizer treatments,the experiment was conducted with Nanjing 9108,a high-quality and delicious rice variety,including normal temperature(NT),+2℃(2℃more than NT,MT)and+5℃(5℃more than NT,HT)at the heading stage under organic fertilizer(OF)and conventional chemical fertilizer(CF)treatments,respectively,and the starch synthesis characteristics of grains were studied.The results showed that the activities of sucrose synthetase(SS),starch synthase(SSS)and starch branching enzyme(SBE)were decreased under elevated temperature at heading stage,while the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS)and pyrophosphorylase(AGP)were increased.Sucrose content,average diameter,enthalpy value and peak temperature of starch showed a trend of HT>MT>NT,however,starch content,amylose content and viscosity value decreased with temperature increased.In terms of fertilizer treatment,the activity of enzymes related to starch showed an order of OF>CF,and the starch quality was better under the OF.The results illustrated that high temperature accelerated the accumulation of starch forming materials by inhibiting starch synthesis,which led to the increase of sucrose content in grains.OF could promote sucrose synthesis and improve enzyme activities related to starch synthesis.In conclusion,OF can be used instead of CF to regulate starch-related enzyme activities and improve the quality of starch considering the global warming.The results provided a basis for reducing the damage of high temperature to rice and improving the quality of starch.
作者
臧倩
王光华
张明静
胡雪
徐承昱
蒋敏
黄丽芬
ZANG Qian;WANG Guanghua;ZHANG Mingjing;HU Xue;XU Chengyu;JIANG Min;HUANG Lifen(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology,Agricultural College of Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009)
出处
《核农学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期2072-2083,共12页
Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0300102)
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31801310)
江苏省现代农业发展项目(2019-SJ-039-08-11)
江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划(212111117058Y)。
关键词
蔗糖
淀粉
RVA谱特征值
淀粉酶活性
淀粉品质
sucrose
starch
RVA profile characteristic value
amylase activity
starch quality
