摘要
粘滞性注意指在注意定向过程中,个体对正在关注的事物表现出注意解离困难的现象。在当前的研究中,ASD幼儿是否存在粘滞性注意尚存争议。本研究采用空白重叠范式,通过眼动追踪技术探究了15名高功能ASD幼儿和18名生理年龄、智力匹配的正常幼儿的注意解离特征。结果发现高功能ASD幼儿的注意解离和注意转移能力完好。在实验中,ASD幼儿的眼跳反应较快,可能是由于注意参与水平较低或眼跳发起异常所致。粘滞性注意可能并非ASD幼儿的普遍缺陷。
Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication,as well as the presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviours(APA,2013).Although not as a diagnostic criteria,differences in how attention is deployed are commonly observed in young children with ASD.Attentional orienting consists of three operations,including disengaging,shifting,and engaging.Visual disengagement is a widely discussed component in eye-tracking studies related to ASD,which refers to the attentional breaking from the current fixation during visual orienting.In several prospective studies(e.g.,Bryson et al.,2018),sticky attention(attentional disengagement deficit)is an early hallmark in high-risk ASD infants.If individuals exhibit sticky attention,they need a longer saccadic reaction time to disengage from the current focus or fail to start eye movements to a new target.Although prospective research had found the relation between sticky attention and later ASD diagnosis,findings conflicted on whether sticky attention still exhibits in young children with ASD.Through the past twenty years,the actual evidence for attentional disengagement deficits had been equivocal.Several researchers concluded that attentional disengagement was impaired in children with ASD,and others reported no atypical.For young autistic children,it is unknown whether sticky attention would continue.They may show normal disengaging performance and catch up to typically developing(TD)children by nurture development.Beyond that,currently,studies related to attentional disengagement in young children with ASD are pretty rare.Therefore,we know little about eye-movement behaviours of these children during attentional disengagement.It should be noted that the gap-overlap paradigm is a classic visual saccadic paradigm used to explore participants’oculomotor disengagement behaviours.In the current study,the gap-overlap paradigm was used to reveal attentional disengagement abilities in
作者
周丽
姜红
许岳宁
戴世玮
王影超
闫国利
贺荟中
Zhou Li;Jiang Hong;Xu Yuening;Dai Shiwei;Wang Yingchao;Yan Guoli;He Huizhong(Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200062;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387;Tianjin Yitong Autism Research and Service Center,Tianjin,300384;Faculty of Education,BeijingNormal University,Beijing,100875)
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期1352-1359,共8页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(21&ZD293)
上海市教育委员会科研创新计划人文科学重大项目(2019-01-07-00-05-E00007)
上海市教育科学研究项目(A2022009)的资助。
关键词
孤独症谱系障碍
粘滞性注意
注意解离
空白重叠范式
眼动研究
Autism Spectrum Disorder
sticky attention
attentional disengagement
gap-overlap paradigm
eye-movement study
