摘要
感觉异常在孤独症儿童中较为常见,其严重性与孤独症症状的严重程度呈正相关,且有助于孤独症的早期识别。基于视觉、听觉、触觉及多感觉整合梳理了孤独症儿童常见的感觉异常特征,发现孤独症儿童具有视觉搜索优势和视觉注意异常,对言语声音反应不足,触觉反应迟钝以及视听、视触等多感觉整合缺陷等特点。对孤独症个体感觉异常的理论解释主要包括注意脱离异常假设、强烈世界理论、信噪比减少假说、时间绑定缺陷假说、贝叶斯知觉理论和预测编码假说。
Sensory abnormalities are more common in children with autism spectrum disorder.Their severity is positively correlated with the severity of autism symptoms,and they contribute to the early identification of autism.Based on vision,hearing,tactus and multisense,this paper integrates and sorts out the common characteristics of sensory abnormalities in children with autism spectrum disorder,then finds that children with autism have visual search advantages and abnormal visual attention,insufficient response to speech and sound,delayed tactile responses,and multi-sensory integration defects such as audiovisual and visual-haptic,etc..The theoretical explanations for sensory abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorder from existing studies are collated,including the Attentional Disengagement Hypothesis,the Intense World Theory,Decreased Signal-to-noise Hypothesis,Temporal Binding Deficit Hypothesis,Bayesian Perception Theory and Predictive Coding Hypothesis.
作者
宋博海
谭成慧
SONG Bohai;TAN Chenghui(School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215123;Department of Psychology,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)
出处
《现代特殊教育》
2023年第10期62-71,共10页
Modern Special Education
基金
奕阳教育研究院青年学者研究项目“自闭症儿童对不同情境下动作目标的预期加工——来自眼动的证据”(SEI-QXZ-2021-14)研究成果。
关键词
孤独症儿童
感觉异常
理论解释
children with autism spectrum disorder
sensory abnormalities
theoretical explanations
