摘要
我国西南喀斯特地区环境脆弱,生态系统易受气候变化和人类活动影响。由于西南喀斯特地形的影响,该地区气候台站空间分布不均,各个观测站的气象观测时间序列也略有差异,且台站数目有限,使得这些气候观测记录难以直接应用于陆地生态系统与气候关系的研究。利用ANUSPLIN软件4.3中提供的局部光滑薄板样条函数模型,结合SRTM数字高程模型,对西南喀斯特地区1951-2014年间325个气象站点的4个逐月气象要素(包括气温、降水、日照百分率、湿润日数)进行空间插值处理,最终得到分辨率为1 km的三套不同格式的栅格数据。误差统计结果表明,插值结果的误差较低,尤其是气温准确度高,4个气候要素的栅格数据均能真实地反映喀斯特地区气候要素的空间分布规律。进一步分析表明,1951-2014年西南地区气温和降水分布均自东南向西北递减,气温变化整体呈上升趋势,降水变化不显著。日照百分率分布从中间向两侧区域逐步递减,整体呈波动震荡下降趋势。湿润日数分布特征与海拔呈相反关系。本数据集可为西南喀斯特区域气候研究,植被、石漠化与气候变化,土地利用与土地覆被变化,以及以气候为驱动的陆地生态模型模拟提供数据支持。
The areas with karst topography in Southwest China have a fragile ecological environment and the ecosystem there is vulnerable to climate change and human activities.Due to the influence of the karst topography,the spatial distribution of weather stations in this area is uneven which,together with the slight difference of meteorological observation time series of each observation station and the limited number of stations,makes it difficult for the observed data to be used in the study on the realationship between terrestrial ecosystems and climate change.In this study,we used the local smooth thin plate spline function from the ANUSPLIN software version 4.3,combining with the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)digital elevation model,to spatially interpolate four monthly climatic variables(i.e.temperature,precipitation,sunshine percentage,and wet days with daily precipitation<0.1 mm).In this way,we finally obtained three sets of gridded data in different formats with a resolution of 1km.The error statistics show that the error of the interpolation results is relatively low,especially with a high accuracy of the temperature interpolation.The gridded data of the four climate variables can truly reflect the spatial distribution of climates in the karst areas.Further analyses show that from 1951 to 2014,the distribution of temperature and precipitation showed a decreasing trend from the southeast to the northwest.The overall change of temperature showed an upward trend,and the change trend of precipitation was not significant.The distribution of sunshine percentage gradually decreased from the middle to the two sides,and the sunshine percentage showed a n overall decline trend.The distribution patterns of wet days are inversely related to altitudes.This dataset can provide data support for the regional research on climate,the relationship between vegetation,rocky desertification and climate change,the relationship between land use and land cover changes,as well as the climate-driven terrestrial ecological model s
作者
吴星麒
程琦
魏临风
胡潇飞
倪健
WU Xingqi;CHENG Qi;WEI Linfeng;HU Xiaofei;NI Jian(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,P.R.China;Jinhua Mountain Observation and Research Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystems,Jinhua 321004,P.R.China)
基金
“第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究”项目(2019QZKK04020302)
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2013CB956704)
关键词
气温
降水
日照百分率
湿润日数
插值
temperature
precipitation
sunshine percentage
wet days
interpolation
