摘要
生物气候要素是一种反映生物与气候间综合关系的指标。在生态学研究中,生物气候要素常被用于阐释物种和植被与气候的相互关系,以及进一步模拟物种和植被的地理分布格局及其功能特征,但区域尺度的生物气候空间数据集却较少见报道。本研究基于ANUSPLIN插值获得的中国1 km分辨率的1951-1980年和1981-2010年两个时间段各30年平均气候要素空间分布数据集(气温、降水和日照百分率),计算了最冷月均温、最热月均温、极端最高温和极端最低温、大于0℃和5℃的年生长度日、生长季降水量、年均干旱指数和年均湿润指数9种生物气候要素,绘制其空间分布图,并统计分析其空间格局和变化趋势。比较分析表明,对应指标间变化幅度极小,且统计指标几近相同,故本数据集的误差主要来源于基础气候要素空间分布数据集,处理过程中的二次误差极小。本数据集可为物种和生态系统与气候关系的研究提供合理的环境机理解释,并为研究者使用生物气候要素模拟物种分布和植被结构与功能提供一条便捷多元的途径。
Bioclimatic variables are indicators reflecting the integrated relationship between living things and climate. They are often used to interprete the relationships between species, vegetations and climate in global change research, and further simulate the geographical distribution patterns of both species and vegetations, as well as their functional characteristics. Regional bioclimate datasets, however, have been rarely reported. Based on an ANUSPIN interpolated dataset(covering temperature, precipitation and sunshine percentage) of 1km-resolution climate variables in China at 30-year basis averaged from 1951 to 1980 and from 1981 to 2010, respectively, we calculated 9 kinds bioclimatic variables in this study, namely mean temperature of the coldest month, mean temperature of the warmest month, absolute maximum temperature, absolute minimum temperature, annual growing degree days above 0℃ and 5℃, growing season precipitation, annual drought index and annual moisture index. We plotted their spatial distribution map and analyzed their spatial pattern and trend statistically. Comparative analysis shows that the variation range of corresponding variables is very narrow, and the statistical variables are nearly the same. Therefore, the error of this dataset mainly comes from the spatial distribution dataset of basic climatic factors, and the secondary error in the process is tiny.This dataset provides reasonable environmentally mechanistic explanations for research on the relationships between species, vegetations and climate, and offers a convenient and diverse way for researchers to use bioclimatic variables to simulate species distribution patterns, vegetation structures and functions.
作者
魏临风
胡潇飞
程琦
吴星麒
倪健
WEI Linfeng;HU Xiaofei;CHENG Qi;WU Xingqi;NI Jian(College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,P.R.China;Jinhua Mountain Observation and Research Station for Subtropical Forest Ecosystems,Jinhua,Zhejiang 321004,P.R.China)
基金
“第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究”项目(2019QZKK04020302)。
关键词
生物气候要素
气候变化
植被分区
气候数据集
物种模拟
bioclimatic variables
climate change
vegetation region
climate dataset
species modelling
