摘要
针对丘陵地区蔬菜移栽费工费时,劳动强度高的问题,设计了一种小型全自动移栽机,其栽植株距、速度等参数可调,能够满足不同蔬菜的移栽要求。对整机结构及设计原理进行了介绍,对苗盘输送机构、顶苗机构、接取苗机构、送苗分苗机构和栽植机构等关键部件进行了设计,并根据零速栽植原理对五连杆栽植机构进行运动分析及adams仿真,得出栽植机构运动的最佳轨迹。田间试验表明:移栽机的栽植平均合格率为83.6%,栽植漏栽率为4.8%,伤苗率为0,倒伏率为5%,埋苗率为1%,露苗率为5.5%,栽植株距误差率仅为0.04%。工作过程中,移栽机能自动完成喂苗、分苗、栽植等过程,实现了蔬菜移栽自动化,较好地解决了丘陵地区蔬菜移栽的难题。
In order to solve the problems of high labor intensity and labor cost in vegetable transplanting in hilly areas,a small-scale walking type automatic transplanter was designed.By adjusting the parameters such as planting distance and speed,the transplanting requirements of different vegetables could be met.This paper introduces the design of the whole machine,the mechanism of apical seedling,the mechanism of receiving seedlings,the mechanism of sending seedlings and the mechanism of planting seedlings.The working principle of the mechanism is analyzed and the relevant parameters are determined.According to the principle of zero speed planting,the motion analysis and ADAMS simulation for planting mechanism are carried out to obtain the optimal trajectory.Through the field test,the average qualified rate of the transplanter is 83.6%,the rate of missing load is 4.8%,the rate of injured seedlings is 0,the lodging rate is 5%,the rate of buried seedlings is 1%,the rate of exposed seedlings is 5.5%,and the error rate of planting spacing is only 0.04%.Field experiments show that the transplanting machine can automatically complete the process of feeding seedlings,separating seedlings and planting,realize the vegetable transplanting automation,and can better solve the problem of vegetable transplanting in hilly areas.
作者
李坦东
闵航
张韵
林蜀云
李杰
Li Tandong;Min Hang;Zhang Yun;Lin Shuyun;Li Jie(Guizhou Mountain Agricultual Machinery Research Institute,Guiyang 550000,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2023年第1期66-72,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
农业攻关计划项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2562号)。
关键词
蔬菜移栽机
全自动
关键部件
ADAMS仿真
vegetable transplanting
full automation
key component
ADAMS simulation
