摘要
【目的】掌握葡萄叶片光合能力和矿质营养变化规律,探明影响光合功能的关键营养因子。【方法】以平棚架式4~5年生5BB砧阳光玫瑰植株为研究试材,于采后生长季节(9月中)测定同一枝不同节位叶片净光合速率(P_(n))及其矿质元素含量;在入秋后追踪固定节位(第8节位)叶衰老过程中P_(n)、SPAD值和矿质营养含量,进行相关性分析。【结果】第8节位P_(n)达到与最大值无显著差异水平,说明该节位叶片已经发育充分成熟,而同枝条上衰老叶SPAD和P_(n)显著下降。叶片氮、磷、钾、铜在第8节位后达到稳态,而钙和锰则随叶位升高(叶龄)呈积累趋势。9月中的衰老叶的氮、磷、钾、锌、硼、铜元素内吸收率分别为44.6%、44.4%、71.1%、25.8%、24.6%和10.5%,钙、铁、镁、锰内吸收率接近0或为负值。不同节位叶片锰含量与P_(n)值呈显著正相关。入冬衰老叶片仅氮、锌、钾元素含量有所降低,其余营养元素再利用率均为负值,氮含量与P_(n)呈显著正相关。【结论】阳光玫瑰在生长季节可移动元素再利用率较高,入冬后衰老叶片矿质再利用能力全面降低。锰可能是叶片光合能力形成的限制性营养因子,氮可能是老叶光合能力维持的关键营养因子。
【Objective】In recent years,grape production has expanded rapidly in Guangdong province,where climate allows over 9 months of growth season for grape.Leaf senescence and abscission occur in Guangdong much later than in traditional production regions further north.In some cultivars like Shine Muscat and Oriental Star,there is no complete leaf shed throughout winter.During the active growth season,leaf senescence frequently occurs with the ripening of the berry.Mineral nutrients play important roles in performing photosynthetic functions.It is worth to examine mineral nutrient changes in leaves during development and senescence.Also,there has been no study on comparing patterns of mineral changes in senescing leaves during growth season and during short-day induced systematic leaf senescence in late fall.The present study was conducted to understand the change patterns of photosynthetic capacity and mineral nutrients in leaves of Shine Muscat grape during leaf development and senescence and analyze their correlations so as to find out the key elements for photosynthetic capacity development and maintenance during leaf maturation and senescence as well as the reutilization pattern of various nutrients during leaf senescence.These findings will provide important guidance for nutrient management in grape.【Methods】The experiment was carried out in the experimental grape orchard,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,China,in 2019 and 2020.Four-to five-year-old Shine Muscat vines on 5BB rootstocks in pergola trellis were used as the experimental materials.One month after berry clusters were harvested,leaves at all nodes of five canes from different vines were sampled during the postharvest tree recovery period in mid September 2019 after they were individually measured for net photosynthetic rate(P_(n))with a CIRAS-3 photosynthesis system(PP systems,Amesbury,MA,USA)and chlorophyll index(SPAD value)with an a SPAD-502 portable chlorophyll meter(Minolta,Osaka,Japan).All the measurements were made from 9:00 to
作者
赵世利
邓蔡妍
曾稚雅
邬梦露
石星儿
段晓妍
程丽兰
南科淼
黄旭明
ZHAO Shili;DENG Caiyan;ZENG Ziya;WU Menglu;SHI Xinger;DUAN Xiaoyan;CHENG Lilan;NAN Kemiao;HUANG Xuming(College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期2343-2351,共9页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
广东省优稀水果产业技术体系土肥栽培岗(2018LM1130)
大学生创新项目(202110564055)。
关键词
阳光玫瑰葡萄
叶片发育
叶片衰老
光合作用
矿质元素
内吸收
Shine Muscat grape
Leaf development
Leaf senescence
Photosynthesis
Mineral nutrients
Resorption
