摘要
【目的】探究猪粪有机肥不同施用水平对盛果期红富士苹果品质产量及果园土壤肥力的影响,确定有机肥的最佳施用量,为盛果期苹果园科学合理施肥提供依据。【方法】以27年生盛果期长富2号/八棱海棠为试材,设置5个有机肥施用水平:0、5、10、15、20 kg·株^(-1)(对照、T1、T2、T3、T4)。结合主成分分析对长富2号苹果产量、品质、叶片生长及土壤肥力进行综合评价。【结果】与单施化肥处理相比,适量增施猪粪有机肥有利于提高土壤有机质含量,有效改善果园土壤理化性质,提高叶面积(LA)、相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)、叶片净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r)),降低叶片胞间CO_(2)浓度(C_(i)),促进叶片干物质的累积与转化,提高果实优果率、可溶性固形物含量及果肉脆度,降低果实酸度,促进果园增收。【结论】施用猪粪有机肥可显著提高土壤肥力及果实综合品质,其中15 kg·株^(-1)猪粪有机肥处理效果最佳。
【Objective】Luochuan county,Shaanxi province is an agricultural area featuring apples as the leading industry,and due to its natural geographical resource advantages,it has become a typical location on the world's best apple growing belt.Most of the Luochuan apples were built in the 1990s of last century,and improving the quality and efficiency of the old orchards is the main task of the local apple industry.In addition,Luochuan's history has frequent natural disasters such as drought,little rain,soil erosion and low soil organic matter content in Luochuan orchards,fruit farmers have long emphasized the application of chemical fertilizers,and soil impoverishment has seriously affected the yield and quality of apples and even caused great harm to the soil environment,becoming an obstacle factor in the sustainable development of Luochuan apple industry.In order to prolong the fruiting life of the old orchard,improve the production efficiency of the old orchard and change the current situation of insufficient organic fertilizer in the sustainable development of Luochuan apple industry,this study explored the effects of different application levels of organic fertilizer(pig manure) on the quality and yield of Red Fuji apple and soil fertility of orchards at peak fruiting period by adopting the ecological model of fruit and animal combination,and determines the optimal application amount of organic fertilizer,so as to provide a basis for scientific and reasonable fertilization of apple orchards at full fruit stage.【Methods】Taking the 27-year-old Changfu 2 apple as the research material,a one-year experiment on the application of pig manure was carried out in a grower's orchard in Luochuan county,Shaanxi province.In the experiment,a total of 5 organic fertilizer application levels were set as below:0,5,10,15 and 20kg·tree^(-1)(control,T1,T2,T3,T4),respectively,the leaf area,leaf thickness,weight per 100 leaves and leaf SPAD values were determined at the young,swelling and ripening stages of fruit trees,photosyn
作者
马悦欣
刘乐彤
唐锐
孙国涛
史新娥
邹养军
MA Yuexin;LIU Letong;TANG Rui;SUN Guotao;SHI Xin’e;ZOU Yangjun(College of Horticulture,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;College of Natural Resources and Environment,Northwest A&F Uni-versity,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第8期1559-1571,共13页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家苹果产业技术体系延安综合试验站(CARS-27)。
关键词
富士苹果
猪粪
有机肥
果实产量及品质
综合评价
Fuji apple
Pig manure
Organic fertilizer
Fruit yield and quality
Comprehensive evalua-tion
