摘要
目的 了解2021年淮安市工作场所职业病危害现状,为政府部门制定防控策略提供参考依据。方法 根据《2021年淮安市工作场所职业病危害因素监测工作方案》,淮安市于2021年7—11月开展监测工作,对181家用人单位职业卫生调查情况和监测结果进行分析。结果 181家用人单位中,小、微型企业占95.03%,重点行业占86.19%。单位负责人培训率、职业卫生管理人员培训率、接触职业病危害的劳动者培训率分别为25.41%、29.28%和87.04%,以小、微型企业为低(P<0.05)。不同规模企业之间防毒设施的设置率、防噪声设施的设置率、防尘口罩的发放率、防毒口罩或面具的发放率、防噪声耳塞或耳罩的发放率比较,差异均有统计性意义(均P<0.05),小、微型企业较低。职业健康检查中接触噪声劳动者异常率较高,为1.68%。2021年企业监测岗位情况:噪声岗位超标率为18.16%,煤尘岗位超标率为14.29%,矽尘岗位超标率为10.31%,铅作业岗位超标率为6.25%。结论 2021年淮安市工作场所职业病危害现状不容乐观,应重点关注噪声、粉尘职业病危害因素,加强职业卫生监管,尤其是小、微型企业,改善劳动者作业环境,保障劳动者健康。
Objective To understand the current situation of occupational hazards in the workplace of Huai’an City,provide scientific basis for government to formulate prevention and control strategies.Methods The monitoring work was carried out from July to November 2021 according to the Work plan for the monitoring of occupational hazards in the workplace of Huai’an City in2021,and the occupational health investigation and monitoring results of 181 enterprises were analyzed.Results Among the 181enterprises,small and micro enterprises accounted for 95.03%,and the key industries accounted for 86.19%.The training rate of unit leaders,occupational health management personnel,and the workers exposed to occupational hazards was 25.41%,29.28%and 87.04% respectively,which were lower in small and micro enterprises(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the installation rate of gas defense facilities, installation rate of anti-noise facilities,distribution rate of dust masks or gas masks,and distribution rate of anti-noise earplugs or earmuffs among enterprises of different size(all P<0.05),which were lower in small and micro enterprises.The abnormal rate of noise-exposed workers of occupational physical examination was relatively high,which was 1.68%.The exceeding standard rate of noise posts,coal dust posts,silica dust posts and lead posts was 18.16%,14.29%,10.31% and 6.25%,respectively.Conclusion The occupational hazards in workplace of Huai’an City in 2021 is not optimistic,and it is necessary to pay more attention on the hazards of noise and dust,strengthen occupational health supervision,especially in small and micro enterprises,improve the working environment of workers,to protect the health of workers.
作者
姜泽润
何冬冬
王宏亮
霍彬彬
徐志勇
JIANG Ze-run;HE Dong-dong;WANG Hong-liang;HUO Bin-bin;XU Zhi-yong(Department of Occupational Health,Huai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Huai'an Jiangsu,223002,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2022年第21期2881-2884,共4页
Occupation and Health
