摘要
丝素蛋白是一种天然高分子纤维蛋白,由18种氨基酸组成,具有良好的生物相容性,在生物医学材料等领域,受到了科学研究及应用技术开发人员的青睐。为了满足实际应用中不同方面的需求,本文通过化学方法对丝素蛋白进行各种改性,可以获得更多优良特性,从而可以根据不同应用要求设计出具有针对性特征的丝素蛋白基材料。丝素蛋白中大量存在的活性基团也给丝素材料的化学改性提供了良好的基础。本文总结了丝素蛋白化学改性的主要方法和改性效果,讨论了丝素蛋白改性在纺织、生物医药和环境科学等领域中应用的最新研究进展,可为相关的研究和应用开发提供参考。
Mulberry silk is composed of the two major parts of two triangle-like silk fibroin fibers and sericin covering the fibers,and a few lipids.After removing the sericin on the raw silk,what is left is the silk fibroin fiber.Silk fibroin is the main part of silk,accounting for about 75% of the total weight.Silk fibroin contains 18 natural amino acids such as glycine(Gly),alanine(Ala),serine(Ser),serine,aspartic acid(Asp) and tyrosine(Tyr).The secondary structure of silk fibroin has three main conformations:α-helix,β-fold and random coil.Under certain conditions,the three conformations can transform into each other and change the mechanical properties of the silk fibroin material.Silk fibroin extracted from silk fiber is a natural polymer with biocompatibility and biodegradability.It can be further processed into different forms of materials:nanoparticles,films,hydrogels,sponges,etc.It has been applied in many fields such as biomedicine and cosmetics.In order to meet the needs of different fields,researchers have conducted further chemical modification treatment based on the original excellent properties of silk fibroin.Meanwhile,the active groups on various amino acid residues in silk fibroin also provide chemical reaction sites for the chemical modification of silk fibroin.The chemical modification methods of silk fibroin mainly include amino acid residue modification,macromolecular grafting modification and crosslinking reaction modification.Among them,amino acid residue modification can modify protein amino acid residues by chemical reagents,and some groups can be introduced into the side chains of silk fibroin macromolecules.Grafting modification of silk fibroin macromolecules is one of the main means to bind functional compounds to silk fibroin macromolecular chains.The properties of grafted silk fibroin are affected by the type and grafting rate of the grafts.The chemical crosslinking reaction modification of silk fibroin macromolecules is to make the macromolecular chains connected by covalent bonds and form
作者
王慈恩
郭庆
崔志华
陈维国
张志强
WANG Ci’en;GUO Qing;CUI Zhihua;CHEN Weiguo;ZHANG Zhiqiang(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;MOE Engineering Technology Center on Ecological Dyeing Technology,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Zhejiang Houyuan Textiles Inc.,Jiaxing 314511,China)
出处
《丝绸》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第12期1-7,共7页
Journal of Silk
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51673176)
“纺织之光”中国纺织工业联合会应用基础研究项目(J202108)
桐乡市重点科技计划项目(202101006)。
关键词
丝素蛋白
化学改性
活性基团
接枝
交联
生物医学
silk fibroin
chemical modification
active group
grafting
crosslinking
biomedical science
