摘要
目的 了解2020年黑龙江省贫困地区居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为黑龙江省贫困地区居民的健康扶贫政策的制定提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,于2020年8—12月选取黑龙江省28个国家级贫困市县15~69岁6 762名常住居民为研究对象,进行健康素养水平问卷调查。结果 2020年黑龙江省贫困地区居民健康素养水平为14.33%。其中健康基本知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康基本技能三方面水平分别为25.37%、14.72%、15.95%;科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗和健康信息6类问题水平分别为37.02%、19.26%、17.79%、39.45%、20.72%、23.86%。进行多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、文化程度、家庭平均年收入均是贫困地区居民健康素养水平的影响因素。结论 黑龙江省贫困地区健康素养水平较低,应针对不同性别、文化程度和家庭平均年收入的居民开展健康教育活动,以提高居民的健康素养水平和生活方式。
Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of health literacy among residents in poverty-stricken areas of Heilongjiang Province in 2020, and to provide a basis for making health poverty alleviation policies for the residents. Methods Using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, 6,762 permanent residents aged 15-69 years from 28 national-level poverty-stricken cities and counties in Heilongjiang Province in August-December 2020 were selected as the subjects, and a questionnaire survey on health literacy was conducted. Results In 2020, the health literacy level of the residents in poverty-stricken areas of Heilongjiang Province was 14.33%. The levels of basic health knowledge and concept, healthy lifestyle and behavior and basic health skills were 25.37%, 14.72% and 15.95%, respectively. The levels of scientific health concept, infectious disease prevention and treatment, chronic disease prevention and treatment, safety and first aid, basic medical treatment and health information were 37.02%, 19.26%, 17.79%, 39.45%, 20.72% and 23.86%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender, education level and average annual family income were the factors influencing health literacy level of the residents in poverty-stricken areas. Conclusion The health literacy among the residents in poverty-stricken areas of Heilongjiang Province is at a relatively low level. Health education activities should be carried out for residents with different genders, education levels and average annual family incomes so as to improve their health literacy level and lifestyle.
作者
苏莹
马志杰
郭恂
王莹
SU Ying;MA Zhi-jie;GUO Xun;WANG Ying(Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2022年第11期1333-1337,共5页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
黑龙江省卫生健康委科研课题(2020-198)。
关键词
健康素养
贫困地区
影响因素
health literacy
poverty-stricken area
influencing factor
