摘要
目的了解浙江省宁波市中小学校食堂午餐供给情况,为指导学校合理提供膳食、提高学生健康水平提供依据。方法从宁波市10个县(市、区)各随机抽取1所小学和1所初中,采用浙江省疾病预防控制中心制定的调查表收集学校食堂食物入库与结存情况、供餐情况、就餐学生人数,对企业供餐的学校的食物供给进行分类称量并记录。计算午餐食物、能量和营养素每人每天平均供给量,参照“学生电子营养师”、《中国居民膳食营养素参考供给量(2013版)》、WS/T 554—2017《学生餐营养指南》进行评价。结果调查城市小学和初中各6所,农村小学和初中各4所;由企业直接供餐2所,由学校食堂供餐18所。中小学校食堂午餐总体上谷薯类供应量适宜,畜禽肉类、植物油、盐的供给量偏高,水果类、蛋类、奶类和大豆坚果类的供给量偏低,其中农村初中未提供水果类和奶类。小学食堂午餐能量供给量偏高,其中城市小学的能量供给量适宜,农村小学偏高;城市和农村初中的能量供给量均适宜。中小学校食堂午餐蛋白质供给量、脂肪供能比偏高,碳水化合物供能比及膳食纤维、维生素A和钙的供给量偏低,维生素B1、维生素B2和维生素C的供给量适宜,铁、锌的供给量充足。结论宁波市中小学校食堂午餐供给存在膳食结构不合理、能量供给偏高、营养不均衡问题。
Objective To investigate the lunch supply in primary and middle school dining rooms in Ningbo City,so as to provide the scientific evidence for guiding rational dietary supply and improving student health.Methods A primary school and a junior high school were randomly sampled from each of 10 counties(districts)in Ningbo City.Food re⁃ceipt and balance,dinner supply and number of students with meals were collected from school dining rooms with ques⁃tionnaires formulated by Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,and all foods in school dining rooms provided by enterprises were sorted and recorded.Daily mean lunch food,energy and nutrient supply was calculat⁃ed per student,and evaluated with the Student Electronic Nutritionist platform,the 2013 revision of Chinese Dietary Ref⁃erence Intakes and the national criteria of Nutrition Guidelines of Student Meals(WS/T 554-2017).Results Six urban primary schools,six urban junior high schools,four rural primary schools and four rural junior high schools were en⁃rolled,and there were two schools with meals provided by enterprises and eighteen schools with meals provided by their dining rooms.Appropriate supply of cereals and potatoes,excessive supply of livestock and poultry meat,vegetable oil and salt,and low supply of fruits,eggs,milk and soybean and nuts were found in primary and junior high school,and notably,milk and fruits were not provided by any rural junior high schools.Excessive energy supply was found in prima⁃ry schools(excessive energy supply in rural primary schools and appropriate in urban primary schools),and appropriate energy supply was seen in junior high schools.High energy ratios of protein and fat,low energy ratio of carbohydrate, low supply of diatery fiber, vitamin A and calcium, appropriate supply of vitamin B1, B2 and C, and sufficient supply of iron and zinc were found in primary and junior high school. Conclusion Unreasonable dietary structure, excessive ener⁃ gy supply and nutrient imbalance are found in lunch s
作者
高华
张琰
洪佳
王经晖
蒋丹捷
GAO Hua;ZHANG Yan;HONG Jia;WANG Jinghui;JIANG Danjie(Department of Food Safety(School Health),Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Ningbo,Zhejiang 315010,China)
出处
《预防医学》
2022年第12期1212-1217,共6页
CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL
关键词
学校食堂
午餐
营养
中小学生
school dining room
lunch
nutrition
primary and middle school students
