摘要
基于产品部件间的设计关联和组织产品间的镜像假设,构建一对一依赖的复杂产品研发项目组织-产品相依网络模型。在此基础上,构建考虑组织失效和组织间协调的复杂产品研发项目设计变更风险传播动力学模型,并针对由少数部件发生设计变更风险事件引发的复杂产品研发项目相依网络上的设计变更风险传播进行数值仿真。结果表明:组织失效和组织协调不足均会导致设计变更风险的积累,使得设计变更风险传播经历缓慢传播、失控传播后达到相对稳定状态;组织设计能力充足且组织间协调充分时设计变更风险传播不发生。复杂产品研发项目设计变更风险传播受到部件设计变更风险容量的显著影响,存在设计变更风险传播阈值η~*使得设计变更风险传播不发生;传播阈值η~*与初始变更源规模正相关;研发组织的冗余设计能力存在作用条件,使得传播阈值η~*保持在最低水平。研究成果完善了项目管理中风险动态分析框架,为提高复杂产品研发项目抵御设计变更风险的能力提供建议。
Influenced by internal and external risk factors such as customer demand uncertainty, technological change, scheme error, a small number of components are prone to design change risk events. In the context of complex inter-component dependency and concurrent development, the design change of one or a few components may trigger the potential design change risk of other dependent components, resulting in design change risk propagation. The propagation of design change risk brings great uncertainty to complex product development(CPD), which may lead to serious project delay, budget overrun, and low quality. Complex products contain a large number of components, which cannot be independently developed by a single organization. Therefore, CPD projects mainly adopt the form of multi-organizational collaboration network. Although networked form has the advantages of reducing the cost of development and realizing complementary resources, it further increases the complexity of design change risk management in the face of design change propagation, which poses a great challenge to the CPD projects. Therefore, it is of great significance to consider the role of organizations and reveal the propagation law of design change risk under the influences of organizations.Previous research on the design change risk propagation mainly focused on the identification and evaluation of the propagation probability and impact of design change among the components under the framework of CPM from the perspective of products, only a few scholars consider the role of organization and integrate organization analysis into the CPM. However, the methods based on CPM are static, overlooking the dynamic characteristics of design change risk such as accumulation and propagation. In fact, both components and organizations have certain risk resisting capacity. Design change risk does not occur immediately, but will accumulate in the components and organizations and be reduced or eliminated under the inter-organization cooperation. Only when the amount
作者
李芮萌
杨乃定
刘慧
张延禄
LI Rui-meng;YANG Nai-ding;LIU Hui;ZHANG Yan-lu(School of Economics and Management,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;School of Management,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi'an 710129,China;Business school,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)
出处
《中国管理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期265-276,共12页
Chinese Journal of Management Science
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71871182)
教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目资助(20XJA630003)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2021M700560)
重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(cstc2021jcyj-bsh0215)
重庆邮电大学人才引进基金资助项目(E012K2020209)。
关键词
复杂产品研发项目
设计变更风险
风险传播
组织失效
组织协调
complex product development project
design change risk
risk propagation
organizational failure
organizational cooperation
