摘要
文章阐明材料性能动态分析与静态性能分析的区别以及动态分析的难点。材料在冲击载荷下,除了关注静态的屈服强度、弹性模量等,更加关注材料大变形应变和载荷力的准确表征。列举了目前常用的材料动态测试仪器,以及各仪器使用的局限性。介绍分析了目前解决材料动态测试力载荷信号震荡的方法,并用逆向法对各应变率下的力学曲线进行准确标定,在此基础上分析了某不锈钢材料力学性能的各向异性,在进行碰撞吸能结构设计时需要对材料的各向异性性能进行表征;测试分析了某不锈钢材料的应变率效应,常规的简单公式无法获得材料颈缩后真实的应力应变曲线,需要利用逆向法对动态性能曲线进行标定。
The difference between dynamic analysis and static analysis of material performance and the difficulties with dynamic analysis are illustrated.Under the impact load,more attention should be given to the accurate expression of large deformation,strain and loading force,apart from the static yield strength,elasticity modulus,etc.The paper lists frequently used dynamic material test instrument and the limita-tion of their application.Current signal vibration method dealing with dynamic material testing load is analyzed and the mechanical curves under various strain rates are accurately demarcated in a reversed way,and furthermore the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of a stainless steel is studied as the anisotropy of material performance has to be expressed during the structure design for collision energy absorption;test analysis of the strain rate effect of a stainless steel is conducted because the real stress-strain curves after the material constriction cannot be obtained with conventional simple formulas,and a reversion method is therefore needed for the demarcation of dynamic performance curves.
作者
侯帅昌
伊召锋
侯斌昌
刘莉
HOU Shuaichang;YI Zhaofeng;HOU Binchang;LIU Li(CRRC Tangshan Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan,Hebei 064000,China;Saic-GM-Wuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao,Shandong 266500,China)
出处
《轨道交通材料》
2022年第1期70-74,共5页
MATERIALS FOR RAIL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFB1200403)。
