摘要
我国民法学说就债权人撤销权的性质与法效果均存在争论,司法实务对债权人撤销权的撤销对象也认识不清,从而难以确定债权人撤销之诉的诉讼形态。以诉讼标的理论检视,债权人撤销之诉不仅处理债权人撤销权纠纷,还可能涉及其他实体法权利。随着《民法典》的施行,法律行为区分原则已得到普遍认可,债权人撤销权的撤销对象原则上仅限于处分行为,支持债权人撤销权的形成判决则为法定物权变动依据,被转让的财产在判决生效时即回复为债务人的责任财产,从而达成债权人撤销之诉的目的。在例外情形下,撤销对象也可包括负担行为。债权人撤销之诉的诉讼形态则包括第三人参加之诉、必要共同诉讼和需合并审理的必要共同诉讼三种类型。
The nature and legal effect of creditor’s revocation right has long been debated in the Chinese civil law doctrines.The object of creditor’s revocation right and form of creditor’s revocation action are unclear in judicial practice.Based on the object of action theory in civil procedure,the creditor’s revocation action not only handle dispute involving the creditor’s revocation right,but also may involve other substantive rights.With the implementation of Civil Code,the principle of separation of legal acts is generally recognized as a consensus,the object of creditor’s revocation right is in principle limited to the act of disposition.In addition,the transferred property is returned to the debtor when the judgment takes effect,since the judgment of formation in support of creditor’s revocation right is the legal basis of changing status of property rights,and therefore the purpose of creditor’s revocation action is achieved.Under exceptional circumstances,the act of obligation can also become the object of creditor’s revocation right.In terms of the form of litigation regarding creditor’s revocation action,it can be categorized as three types,namely the action of third-party participation,the necessary joint action and a combination of multiple necessary joint actions.
作者
夏志毅
XIA Zhi-yi(Law School,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2022年第6期24-32,49,共10页
Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)
基金
国家社科基金项目“诉之类型的体系化研究”(20BFX085)。
关键词
债权人撤销权
诉讼标的
撤销对象
区分原则
诉讼形态
creditor’s revocation right
object of action
object of revocation
principle of separation
form of litigation
