摘要
为探索谷子生长发育的最佳补灌时期,以晋谷21号为试验材料,采取随机区组试验设计。共设全程不补灌(T1),拔节期补灌(T2),灌浆期补灌(T3)和拔节+灌浆期补灌(T4)等4个处理,每个处理3个重复。分析了不同补灌时期对谷子根系、地上部分形态、水分利用效率和产量的影响。结果表明:①成熟期T2根总长为5182.64 cm,较T1、T3、T4处理增加了70.78%、57.52%、45.41%;根表面积为487.60 cm^(2),较T1、T3、T4处理增加了58.81%、46.61%、15.09%;根直径为6.10 mm,较T1和T3处理增加了31.31%、27.62%;根体积为3.84 cm^(3),较T1和T3处理增加了41.70%、16.01%,具有显著性,而T2和T4不具有显著性;②T2成熟期株高为161.48 cm,较T1和T3处理增加了7.42%、2.54%;T2成熟期茎粗为10.55 mm,较T1和T3处理增加了11.29%、5.82%,具有显著性,而T2和T4不具有显著性;③T2处理的水分利用率为11.17(kg/hm^(2))/mm,T2处理下水分利用效率较T3、T4处理分别增加了2.3%、3.8%;④T2处理较T1和T3处理的穗长增长了9.81%、8.89%,单穗重增长了41.22%、21.74%,T2处理较T1、T3和T4处理的穗粗增加了9.20%、5.05%、11.31%,差异显著,而T2和T4处理下的穗长和单穗重不具有显著性;T4处理谷子产量最大为5130.70 kg/hm^(2),虽然对谷子增产效果最好,然而由于陕北高原旱地干旱缺水,试验旨在选出谷子的最佳补灌时期,考量谷子全程种植的经济效益,与其它处理相比拔节期补灌最高更适合谷子生长。综上所述,由此得拔节期补灌与其它处理相比更适合谷子生长,在灌水有限的条件下拔节期灌水能有效提高谷子的水分利用效率。
In order to explore the best supplementary irrigation period for the growth and development of millet,‘Jingu 21’was taken as the experimental material and a randomized block experiment was designed,four treatments with 4 repeats in each treatment were set as no supplementary irrigation(T1),supplementary irrigation at jointing stage(T2),supplementary irrigation at filling stage(T3)and supplementary irrigation at jointing+filling stage(T4).The effects of different supplementary irrigation periods on root system,aboveground part morphology,water use efficiency and yield of millet were analyzed.The results showed that:①the total root length of T2 at mature stage was 5182.64cm,which increased by 70.78%,57.52%and 45.41%compared with T1,T3 and T4 treatments,respectively;the root surface area was 487.60cm^(2),which increased by58.81%,46.61%and 15.09%compared with T1,T3 and T4 treatments,respectively;and the root diameter was 6.10mm,which increased by 31.31%and 27.62%compared with T1 and T3 treatments,respectively.The root volume was 3.84 cm^(3),which increased by 41.70%and 16.01%compared with T1 and T3 treatments,respectively,but not significant in T2 and T4 treatments.②the plant height in T2 mature stage was 161.48cm,which increased by 7.42%and 2.54%compared with T1 and T3 treatments,respectively.T2 mature stem diameter was 10.55mm,11.29%and 5.82%higher than T1 and T3 treatments,respectively,but T2 and T4 were not significant.③the water use efficiency of T2 treatment was 2.3%and 3.8%higher than that of T3 and T4 treatment,respectively,when the water use efficiency was 11.17(kg/hm^(2))/mm,T2 treatment was higher than that of T3 and T4 treatments.④the ear length of T2 treatment increased by 9.81%and 8.89%compared with T1 and T3 treatments,and the ear weight per ear increased by 41.22%and 21.74%,respectively.Compared with T1,T3 and T4 treatments,the ear diameter of T2 treatment increased by 9.20%,5.05%and11.31%,respectively.The difference was significant,but the ear length and ear weight of T2 and T4 treatments
作者
刘琴
纪晓玲
曹宇媛
张雄
LIU Qin;JI Xiaolin;CAO Yuyuan;ZHANG Xiong(College of Life Sciences,Yulin University,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000,China)
出处
《陕西农业科学》
2022年第11期18-23,共6页
Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
榆林市科学技术局产学研合作项目(2019-106-1)
陕西省科技创新团队(2013KCT-29)
陕西省教育厅专项(15JK1848)。
关键词
谷子
补灌
根系
水分利用效率
Millet
Supplementary irrigation
Root System
Water use efficiency
