摘要
机场陆侧交通标志对驾驶人及时、准确地寻找目的地至关重要,交通标志设计应充分考虑驾驶人对标志信息的满意度。为此,针对北京大兴国际机场陆侧交通标志,采用均匀设计法提出8组交通标志设计方案,基于叙述性偏好(SP)实验设计调查问卷,在线发放并回收了357份有效问卷,从中获取驾驶人对各组设计方案的满意程度。采用多元多项式回归分析方法,分析陆侧标志文字高度、文字间距、出口方向信息位置、地点信息底色这4种信息要素对于信息满意度的影响,进而采用主观评测法得到各信息要素的权重。采用专家打分法构造判断矩阵,进而运用层次分析法确定各信息要素的权重。将主观测评方法和层次分析法得到的权重结果进行验证比较。结果表明:随着文字高度增加、文字间距变大,地点信息底色与出口方向信息底色对比越明显,驾驶人对于标志的满意度也随之增加;同时,出口方向信息位于左侧时,驾驶人对于标志的满意度更高;基于层次分析法和主观测评法得到的各信息要素权重排序一致,均为:地点信息底色>文字高度>出口方向信息位置>文字间距。该结果可以为机场陆侧交通标志设计提供可靠参考。
Landside signs of airports are essential for drivers to find their destinations in a timely and convenient way.Therefore,drivers’ satisfaction with traffic signs shall be fully considered during their design.Based on this,the design of the landside signs of Daxing International Airport in Beijing is taken as a case study,and the uniform design technique is used to develop eight design schemes.Based on a stated preference(SP) questionnaire,an online survey is carried out.A total of 357 valid questionnaires are collected from which driver satisfaction toward each scheme is obtained.Next,a multiple polynomial regression analysis technique is used to investigate the influences of the following four design elements(i.e.,text height,text spacing,location of exit-information,and background color of location-information) on drivers’ satisfaction toward landside signs,based on which a subjective evaluation method is adopted to select the weight of each design element.Further,an expert scoring method is used to develop a judgment matrix,based on which an Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) method is used to determine the weight of each element.The results from the subjective evaluation method and the AHP method are compared and verified.Study results show that drivers would have higher satisfaction when the height or the spacing of the text is high,or the contrast between the background color of location-information and exit-information is enhanced.In addition,when the information of exit directions is located on the left side,drivers also have a higher satisfaction.The ranks of weights of the four elements based on the subjective evaluation method and the AHP method are consistent,that is,background color of location-information>text height>location of exit information>text spacing.The results from this study can be used as a reference for enhancing the design of landside signs of airports.
作者
刘祥敏
李佳
刘一兵
赵晓华
孙绍航
陈开群
LIU Xiangmin;LI Jia;LIU Yibing;ZHAO Xiaohua;SUN Shaohang;CHEN Kaiqun(Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Beijing Traffic Engineering Society,Beijing 100160,China;Road traffic safety research center of the Ministry of public security,Beijing 100062,China;Guangxi Xinfazhan Communication Group Co.,Ltd,Nanning 530029,China)
出处
《交通信息与安全》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第5期147-155,共9页
Journal of Transport Information and Safety
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1600504)
广西壮族自治区交通运输厅科技示范工程项目(GXHS-2022-016)资助。
关键词
交通工程
机场陆侧交通标志
评价指标权重
信息满意度模型
层次分析
traffic engineering
landside signs of airports
weights of evaluation indexes
information satisfaction model
analytic hierarchy process
