摘要
针对聚磷酸铵(APP)与硼酸锌-线型三嗪杂化成炭剂(MCA-K-ZB)组成的膨胀阻燃剂(IFR)在对聚丙烯(PP)阻燃中形成的炭层强度不够高、易被燃烧中气态物质气流冲破的问题,文中在IFR(m(APP):m(MCA-K-ZB)=3:1)中添加4A沸石作为成炭协效剂,通过极限氧指数测试、垂直燃烧测试、锥形量热测试、热重分析、扫描电镜-能谱分析、红外光谱和激光拉曼光谱分析等方法,研究了4A沸石对PP/IFR的催化成炭协效作用和机理。结果表明,4A沸石使PP/IFR燃烧中不再出现膨胀炭层被热流或气流冲破的现象,有效降低了PP燃烧的剧烈程度。4A沸石可促使APP与MCA-K-ZB在PP燃烧中形成芳环交联结构残炭和更多石墨化残炭,提高致密炭层厚度,以此提高炭层强度和阻燃效果。当4A沸石质量分数为1%、IFR质量分数为22%时,PP的LOI值达到33.1%,通过V-0等级,无滴落,实现了低IFR添加量高阻燃性的预期目标。
In view of the problem that the strength of carbon layer formed by intumescent flame retardant(IFR)composed of ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and zinc borate-linear triazine hybrid char-forming agent(MCA-K-ZB)was not high enough in flame retarding PP,which was easy to be broken through by gaseous material flow in combustion.In this paper,4A zeolite was added into IFR(m(APP):m(MCA-K-ZB)=3:1)as synergistic char-forming agent.The synergistic effect of catalytic carbon and mechanism of PP/IFR catalyzed by 4A zeolite were studied by limiting oxygen index(LOI),vertical combustion test(UL 94),cone calorimetry test(CCT),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),scanning electron microscope energy spectrum analysis(SEM-EDX),FT-IR and laser Raman spectroscopy(LRS).The results show that 4A zeolite can prevent the expansion carbon layer from being broken through by heat flow or air flow during PP/IFR combustion,and effectively reduces the intensity of PP combustion.4A zeolite could promote APP and MCA-K-ZB to form aromatic ring crosslinked structural carbon residue and more graphitized carbon residue during combustion,and improve the thickness of dense carbon layer,so as to improve the strength and flame retardant effect of carbon layer.When the mass fraction of 4A zeolite and IFR is 1%and 22%respectively,the LOI value of PP reaches 33.1%and passes V-0 grade without dropping,achieving the expected goal of low IFR amount and high flame retardancy.
作者
胡焕波
刘肇闻
赵天瑜
吴唯
Huanbo Hu;Zhaowen Liu;Tianyu Zhao;Wei Wu(Sino-German Joint Research Center of Advanced Materials,School of Materials Science and Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;OECHSLER Plastic Products(Taicang)Co.Ltd.,Suzhou 215400,China)
出处
《高分子材料科学与工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期51-57,共7页
Polymer Materials Science & Engineering
基金
国家留学基金委-德意志学术交流中心(CSC-DAAD)
中德合作科技项目([2016]6041号)。
关键词
聚丙烯
膨胀阻燃
4A沸石
成炭
协效
polypropylene
intumescent flame retardant
4A zeolite
char-forming
synergistic effect
