摘要
单叶蔷薇(Rosa persica)具花斑,抗性优良,利用远缘杂交可将其优良特性引入现代月季,培育月季新优品种。为了解蔷薇属各组植物与单叶蔷薇杂交亲和性,提高杂交育种工作效率,以单叶蔷薇与蔷薇属5组植物混合花粉开展远缘杂交试验,同时利用荧光显微镜观察比较花粉授粉后0~48 h,各组柱头萌发情况及花粉管生长动态。杂交结果显示,5组植物与单叶蔷薇杂交均产生后代,坐果率从高到低依次为芹叶组、桂味组、四倍体野生蔷薇组、合柱组、月季组;荧光观察表明,5组花粉均能在单叶蔷薇柱头附着并萌发,但各组花粉萌发情况不一致:授粉后2.5~10 h,花粉在柱头表面萌发,10~24 h花粉管快速生长,34~48 h花粉管到达花柱基部进入子房,芹叶组、桂味组花粉萌发数量与花粉管形成数量显著多于月季组,且萌发速度快于月季组。不同亲本花粉在单叶蔷薇柱头上萌发数量、花粉管伸长速度、数量及胼胝质产生情况与最终杂交坐果率存在对应关系,反映其与单叶蔷薇杂交不亲和原因。研究为高效利用单叶蔷薇培育现代月季新品种提供理论基础。
Rosa persica had flower spots and high resistance,and its excellent characteristics can be introduced into the modern rose by distant hybridization.In order to investigate the affinity of distant hybridization between wild Rosa and R.persica and to improve the efficiency of hybrid breeding,the distant hybridization expriment between five groups of Rosa with mixed pollen and R.persican was condutted.And then,the pollen germination and the elongation process of pollen tube after pollination from 0 h to 48 h were observed under the fluorescence microscope.The results showed that all the experimental combinations could produce offspring and the seed rate of each combination was different,the fruit set rates from high to low were Sect.Pimpinellifoliae,Sect.Cinnamomeae,Tetraploid,Sect.Synstylae and Sect.Rosa.And the pollen germination of different hybrid combinations was inconsistent under fluorescence microscope.All the pollens of the five groups could germinate and the tube could extend to the ovary through the flower style,the pollen germinated between 2.5 h to 10 h after pollination and further extended to the ovary between 10 h to 24 h and the pollen tube arrived at the ovary from 34 h to 48 h.The number of pollen germination and pollen tube formation of Sect.Pimpinelli-foliae and Sect.Cinnamomeae was significantly higher than that of Sect.Rosa,and the germination rate was also faster than that of Sect.Rosa.The differences of pollen germination number,pollen tube elongation rate and callose production of hybrid combinations among five groups of Rosa with R.persica had a certain corresponding relationship with the final hybrid seed setting rate,reflecting the reason for cross-incompatibility.The study provided a theoretical basis for cultivating new modern rose with R.persica.
作者
欧哲
杨宇
冯策婷
江律
张宇静
庄玥莹
罗乐
于超
OU Zhe;YANG Yu;FENG Ceting;JIANG Lv;ZHANG Yujing;ZHUANG Yueying;LUO Le;YU Chao(Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation&Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Engineering Research Center of Landscape Environment of Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,School of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第10期18-26,共9页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32071820)
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001001)。
