摘要
为避免及预防商业运输航空事故发生导致的灾难性后果,基于航空安全网(ASN)全球商业航空运输事故数据进行分析,以近30年全球商业运输航空2大主力机型波音B737和空客A320系列共计525起事故为样本,对比分析2大主力机型的事故数、机龄、事故类型、事故致因、飞机损坏程度以及死亡人数,通过对比分析新波音B737与空客A320的主要事故致因,从而分析对比机型的安全性。结果表明:近30年间,2大主力机型事故数呈波浪式上升且在2018年达到最高峰;事故飞机机龄在1-10年、损坏程度为大部分损坏、死亡人数小于3人的事故数最多;高发事故类型为跑道安全事故,失控类事故的致死率最高;事故主要致因因素为人为因素。在机龄小于1年的新飞机中,新波音B737发生事故较多,且新波音B737中涉及机械因素的较多。表明空客A320较新波音B737具有更强的安全性。建议航空公司及机组人员应着重关注跑道安全事故及失控类事故,且航空公司在选择机型时应对其安全性予以充分考虑。
In order to avoid and prevent the catastrophic consequences of commercial air transport accidents, it is of great significance to analyze and study global commercial air transport event data based on Aviation Safety Network(ASN). Taking a total of 525 incidents of Boeing B737 and Airbus A320 series, two major models of global commercial transport aviation in the past 30 years, as samples, the number of accidents, aircraft age, types of accidents, causes of accidents, degree of aircraft damage and number of deaths of the two major models were compared and analyzed. The safety of the new Boeing B737 and Airbus A320 was compared by analyzing the major accident causes. The results show that the number of the two types of aircraft accidents presented a wave-like increase in the past 30 years and reached the peak in 2018. The number of accidents involving planes aged 1-10 years, most damaged and less than 3 fatalities was the largest. Runway safety accident was the most common type of accidents, and loss of control accident had the highest fatality rate. The accident was mainly caused by human factors. Among the new aircrafts with the ages of less than one year, more accidents occurred in the new Boeing B737 s, and the new Boeing B737 involves more mechanical factors. This proves that the Airbus A320 is a little safer than the new Boeing B737. Recommended measures: Airlines and crew members should pay more attention to runway safety accidents and loss of control accidents, and airlines should take their safety into full consideration when selecting aircraft types.
作者
刘俊杰
张晴
于佳楠
LIU Junjie;ZHANG Qing;YU Jianan(School of Safety Science and Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《安全》
2022年第10期21-28,共8页
Safety & Security
基金
民航安全能力建设项目(KJZ49420220094、KJZ49420220016)。
关键词
航空安全
主力机型
事故统计
事故类型
事故致因
机龄
aviation safety
main aircraft types
accident statistics
accident type
cause of accident
aircraft age
