摘要
三维打印作为一种新型的加工工艺,其独有的复杂形状定制、快速成型的特点使得其正成为电化学储能器件设计与制造领域的研究热点。目前,基于多种三维打印工艺,已经可以初步实现储能器件电极、电解质的打印构筑,且所打印器件在微型化与集成应用等方面均表现出传统工艺难以实现的独特优势。然而,可打印材料的匮乏是目前阻碍三维打印电化学储能器件进一步发展的关键问题。现有的商用可打印材料多为结构材料,其较低的电导率与电化学活性难以满足电化学储能器件的实际应用需求。因此,近年来,研究者们从三维打印的工艺原理出发,通过合理的墨水设计,直接或间接地实现了多种电化学储能器件的打印构筑,所打印器件也表现出较为优异的电化学性能。在此基础上,利用三维打印在复杂结构快速成型方面的优势,研究者们可以根据产品需求,通过结构设计与优化,实现电极、电解质等部件在电化学活性以及力学性能方面的提升,获得具备柔性化、微型化等特征的高性能储能器件。本文全面综述了三维打印技术在储能器件领域的应用研究进展。首先,总结了各类三维打印技术的基本原理以及基于三维打印的电极、电解质设计与构筑的研究现状;其次,讨论了三维打印储能器件在可穿戴设备以及微型电子器件集成等方面的应用案例;最后,结合实际应用需求,分析了三维打印储能器件制备过程中存在的问题及研究方向,以期为三维打印在电化学储能器件领域的应用提供参考。
3D printing is a promising advanced technology in the design and manufacturing of energy storage devices due to its superiority in shape customization and rapid manufacturing.Up to now,various electrodes and electrolytes are printed via different printing methods and showing their unique advantages in device miniaturization and integration,which is difficult by conventional fabrication.However,the lack of printable materials is the bottleneck for the further development of printed energy storage devices.Current commercial printable materials are used as structural materials,but their poor performance in conductivity and electrochemical activation prevents its application in energy storage devices.To address this problem,researchers were committed to designing and developing reasonable ink according to the printing principle,and different types of batteries and supercapacitors with remarkable performance were printed successfully.Moreover,the 3D printing technology offers unprecedented opportunities in structure design and optimization,which can further improve the electrochemical and mechanical properties of devices,obtaining high-performance energy storage devices with flexible and miniaturization characteristics.Herein,the recent advances of 3D printing for energy storage devices are reviewed.The basic principle of 3D printing technology and the research progress of printed electrode and electrolyte materials are first summarized.Then the application of 3D printed devices in wearable devices,micro-electronics,and other aspects are discussed.Finally,this paper analyzes the problems and future development direction of 3D printed energy storage devices,expecting to provide the reference for the application of 3D printing in energy storage devices.
作者
胡竟志
徐照华
沈超
谢科予
HU Jingzhi;XU Zhaohua;SHEN Chao;XIE Keyu(Research&Development Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University in Shenzhen,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Shenzhen 518057,Guangdong,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China)
出处
《材料导报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第20期87-97,共11页
Materials Reports
基金
深圳市基础研究学科布局(JCYJ20180508151856806)
西北工业大学博士学位论文创新基金(CX201944)。
关键词
三维打印
锂离子电池
超级电容器
电极
电解质
three-dimensional printing
lithium-ion battery
supercapacitor
electrode
electrolyte
