摘要
目的调查研究冬季供暖期哈尔滨市地铁1号线站台、站厅的空气卫生状况及对人群健康的影响。方法按照《公共场所卫生检验方法》(GB/T 18204.6—2013)《公共交通候车室卫生标准》(GB 9672—1996)等要求,于2019年10月24日对哈尔滨市地铁1号线23个车站的站台、站厅空气中温度、室内风速、可吸入颗粒物、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲醛、照度、噪声和空气细菌总数指标进行采样检测和结果判定。结果哈尔滨市地铁1号线23个地铁站站台和站厅的监测数据显示:各车站站台和站厅的温度、风速、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲醛、照度、噪声等指标均处在正常指标值以内。站台和站厅的可吸入颗粒物均值均高于正常标准值,站台和站厅的可吸入颗粒物检测不合格率均为100.00%。站台和站厅的空气细菌总数均值均处于正常范围,均符合国家卫生标准要求。站台的温度(15.49±0.43)℃、可吸入颗粒物(0.284±0.03)mg/m^(3)、噪声(66.39±4.84)dB(A)与站厅[(15.20±0.51)℃、(0.277±0.03)mg/m^(3)、(64.88±4.45)dB(A)]比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),站台和站厅风速、二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲醛、照度、细菌总数比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论哈尔滨市地铁1号线各站站台和站厅环境基本均符合国家公共场所卫生标准,但可吸入颗粒物浓度较高,室内空气质量状况需要改善。
Objective This paper aimed to investigate the air hygiene situation of platforms and station halls of Harbin Metro Line 1 in winter heating period and its influence on people’s health.Methods According to the requirements of “Public Health Inspection Methods(GB/T 18204.6—2013) ” and “Hygienic Standards for Public Transport Waiting Rooms(GB 9672—1996)”, the air temperature, indoor wind speed, inhalable particulate matter, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, illumination, noise and total number of bacteria in the air at 23 stations of Harbin Metro Line 1 were sampled and tested on October 24, 2019. Results The mean values of fine particulate matter in both platforms and stations exceeded the normal standard values, and the unqualified rates of fine particulate matter in both platforms and stations were 100%.In addition, the indicators of monitoring items including temperature, wind speed, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, illumination noise and the total number of bacteria in the air were all qualified. The platform temperature(15.49±0.43)℃,the concentration of inhalable particulate in the platform(0.284±0.03)mg/m^(3), and platform noise(66.39±4.84) dB(A) were significantly different from those in the station[(15.20±0.51)℃,(0.277±0.03)mg/m^(3),(64.88±4.45)dB(A)](P<0.05).Conclusion In winter heating period, the air hygiene situation of platforms and station halls of Harbin Metro Line 1 generally meets the national standards, with the concentration of inhalable particulate matter in platform and station hall exceeding the national health standard. The indoor air quality of platform and station hall of Harbin Metro Line 1 needs to be improved.
作者
白宇娜
康真
刘志男
付饶
于天一
刘洋
蔡书锐
刘晓波
BAI Yu-na;KANG Zhen;LIU Zhi-nan;FU Rao;YU Tian-yi;LIU Yang;CAI Shu-rui;LIU Xiao-bo(Eruironmental Health Department,Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin Heilongjiang,150o00,China)
出处
《中国卫生工程学》
CAS
2022年第4期532-534,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering
基金
黑龙江省卫生计生委科研项目(2019-239)。
关键词
地铁
空气污染
冬季采暖期
可吸入颗粒物
Metro
Air pollution
Winter heating period
Inhalable particulate matter
