摘要
目的分析内蒙古突发公共卫生事件特点和流行病学特征,为做好公共卫生工作提供科学依据。方法主要采取描述性研究方法分析内蒙古2017~2021年突发公共卫生事件数据。结果2017~2021年154起事件中,发生在学校80起,占事件总数的51.95%;发病2784例、占总发病数的62.75%、无死亡病例,波及128249人。80起事件中,传染病事件70起(87.50%)、食物中毒10起(12.50%)。内蒙古2017~2021年学校突发公共卫生事件和传染病事件整体呈现下降趋势,食物中毒事件年度变化不大。内蒙古共报告突发公共卫生事件154起,发病4437例、死亡10例(传染病7例、食物中毒3例)、病死率0.23%(10/4437)。事件类型:传染病事件131起(85.06%)、食物中毒事件22起(14.29%)、其他中毒事件1起(0.65%);事件类别:未分级事件84起(54.55%)、一般事件66起(42.86%)、较大事件4起(2.60%),无重大和特别重大事件报告。发病和死亡:传染病事件的发病率最高,为79.06%;10例死亡患者中因传染病事件死亡7例(70.00%),因食物中毒死亡3例(30.00%)。除了2020年1~3月份外,内蒙古2017~2021年突发公共卫生事件月份分布大致相同,2020年1~3月份外因新冠肺炎影响、报告事件数显著高于往年同期水平。一年中突发公共卫生事件有2个高峰期,第1个是4~6月份(35起),占事件总数的22.73%;第2个高峰期是10月~次年2月份(93起),占事件总数的60.39%。不同类型事件时间分布:传染病事件主要发生于10月~次年2月份(89起)、占传染病事件总数的67.94%;食物中毒事件主要发生于6~9月份(14起)、占食物中毒事件总数的63.64%(14/22)。结论内蒙古突发公共卫生事件整体水平较低,存在鲜明的流行病学特征,应进一步加强重点人群、时间和地区的防控工作。
Objective To analyze the the characteristics and epidemiological features of public health emergencies in Inner Mongolia,so as to provide scientific basis for public health work.Methods A descriptive research method was mainly adopted to analyze the data of public health emergencies in Inner Mongolia from 2017 to 2021.Results Among the 154 incidents from 2017 to 2021,80 incidents occurred in schools,accounting for 51.95%of the total number of incidents;2784 cases occurred,accounting for 62.75%of the total cases,and there were no deaths,affecting 128249 cases.Among the 80 incidents,there were 70 infectious disease incidents(87.50%)and 10 food poisoning incidents(12.50%).School public health emergencies and infectious disease events in Inner Mongolia from 2017 to 2021 showed an overall decreasing trend,with little annual change in food poisoning events.A total of 154 public health emergencies were reported in Inner Mongolia,with 4437 cases of morbidity,10 deaths(7 cases of infectious diseases and 3 cases of food poisoning),with a case fatality rate of 0.23%(10/4437).Types of events:there were 131 infectious disease incidents(85.06%),22 food poisoning incidents(14.29%),and 1 other poisoning incident(0.65%);incident category:there were 84 unclassified incidents(54.55%),66 general incidents(42.86%),4 large incidents(2.60%),and no major or particularly major incidents were reported.Morbidity and mortality:the incidence of infectious disease events was the highest,at 79.06%;among the 10 patients who died,7 cases(70.00%)died from infectious disease events,and 3 cases(30.00%)died from food poisoning.Except from January to March 2020,the month distribution of public health emergencies in Inner Mongolia from 2017 to 2021 was roughly the same;from January to March 2020,due to the impact of COVID-19,the number of reported incidents was significantly higher than the same period in previous years.There were 2 peak periods of public health emergencies in a year,the first being from April to June(35 cases),accounting for 22.73%of
作者
姜晓峰
郝慧霞
秦圣洁
王玲
宋健
JIANG Xiao-feng;HAO Hui-xia;QIN Sheng-jie(Institute for Communicable Disease Prevention and Control,Inner Mongolia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hohhot 010031,China)
出处
《中国实用医药》
2022年第20期158-161,共4页
China Practical Medicine
基金
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(项目编号:2021GG0132)
内蒙古卫生健康科技计划项目(项目编号:202201170、202201171)。
关键词
突发公共卫生事件
流行病学特征
内蒙古
Public health emergencies
Epidemiological features
Inner Mongolia
