摘要
目的提出可靠的热习服(heat acclimatization,HA)效果评价方法。方法热射病高发地区士兵160人,其中新兵44人,老兵116人。分别在春季及夏末检测新兵、老兵热耐力,并计算达标率。热耐力测试方法:在温度40℃、相对湿度40%空间内跑步机跑步2 h,跑步机坡度2。,速度5 km/h,持续心电监测心率、直肠温度。热耐力达标标准:测试期间测试过程中,心率>150次/min,直肠温度>38.5℃且持续超过3 min既提示热耐力不达标,相反则判定为达标。针对春季不达标人员分别进行了室内模拟条件下主动、室内被动HA训练,以及自然环境下主动HA训练。并在热环境下对着控体服主动HA训练安全性进行了研究。使用生理应激指数(physiological stress index,PSI)代表热应激反应的严重程度,比较HA训练前后PSI变化。结果春季新兵、老兵热耐力不达标率分别是59%、69%;夏末新兵、老兵热耐力不达标率明显下降分别是0、5%。室内模拟条件下主动、室内被动HA训练,以及自然环境下主动HA训练前后PSI变化差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。热环境着控体服主动HA训练是安全的。结论春季大部分士兵热耐力不良。室内主动、被动热习服训练、室外主动热习服训练均可显著改善热应激的程度。热耐力检测可用于部队士兵热耐力状态评估,热耐力检测也可以用于热习服效果评价。
Objective To recommend a reliable method for assessment of the effect of heat acclimatization(HA).Methods One hundred and sixty soldiers including 44 new recruits and 116 veterans in areas with a high incidence of thermoplegia were selected.In spring and at the end of summer,the thermal endurance of recruits and veterans was tested,and the standard rate was calculated.During this thermal endurance test,the subjects were required to run for 2 hours on a treadmill indoors at a temperature of 40°C,relative humidity of 40%.The slope was kept at 2 degrees and a speed of 5 km/h.Heart rate(HR)and rectal temperature were monitored continuously using an ECG.Thermal endurance compliance standards were as follows:during the test,HR>150 beats/min and rectal temperature>38.5*C that lasted more than 3 minutes indicated that thermal endurance fell short of the standard.Soldiers who failed the test were subjected to active and passive HA training indoors in spring as well as active HA training in a natural environment.The changes in the physiological stress index(PSI)during the thermal endurance test before and after HA training were recorded.Results The non-standard rate of thermal endurance among the new recruits and veterans was 59%and 69%in spring respectively,but decreased significantly to 0%and 5%in late summer respectively.There were significant changes in PSI(P<0.01)after active and passive HA training under indoor simulated conditions and after active HA training in a natural environment.Conclusion More than half of the soldiers have poor thermal endurance in the spring.Active and passive HA training indoors and HA training in a natural environment can significantly improve the ability to respond to heat stress.Thermal endurance tests can be used for validity assessment of soldiers and for effect evaluation of heat acclimatization.
作者
宁波
韩玉明
樊凤艳
李宁
关林
张向阳
NING Bo;HAN Yuming;FAN Fengyan;LI Ning;GUAN Lin;ZHANG Xiangyang(Critical Care Medicine,Air Force Medical Center,Beijing 100142,China;不详)
出处
《空军航空医学》
2022年第4期132-135,共4页
AVIATION MEDICINE OF AIR FORCE
基金
军事医学创新工程(18CXZ019)。
关键词
热习服
自然环境
模拟环境
生理应激指数
评价
热耐力
heat acclimatization
natural environment
simulated environment
physiological stress index
assessment
thermal endurance
