摘要
中产阶层具有良好的公共意识与丰富的社会资本,向来被认为是公共事务参与的活跃主体,但对社区场域公共事务的类别化审视发现,中产阶层的高度参与往往聚焦于维权与抗争等非常态事务,而在常态化事务中的参与程度并不高,甚至低于底层群体。通过对两个无物业小区的比较发现,中产阶层小区的居民参与与其社会资本呈工具化的互动逻辑,展现出前后矛盾的发展轨迹,即居民自治水平的提高反而侵蚀了社区社会资本,导致自治模式难以为继,这一点与底层群体的小区情况恰好相反。参与程度不同的根本原因在于需求层次的差异,其中中产阶层对于小区治理的需求主要停留在秩序层次,而底层群体的需求则提升到了社交层次,触及了价值层次。该研究发现拓展了学术界对于中产阶层公共参与相关议题的研究视野,也在一定程度上补充和修正了之前的研究结论。
The middle class, which has both high-level public awareness and rich social capital, has always been regarded as the main participant in public affairs.However, based on the categorization of public affairs in the community field, finding that the high participation of the middle class only focuses on abnormal affairs such as rights protection and resistance, By comparing the cases of communities without property management, finding that the middle class does not participate in the normal affairs of community governance at a high level, even lower than that of the bottom group. The residents’ participation in the middle-class community and the community social capital show an instrumental interactive logic, showing a paradoxical interactive track, that is, the improvement of the residents’ autonomy level has eroded the community social capital, fundamentally determining the unsustainability of its autonomy model, which is just opposite to the bottom group community. The root cause of the difference in participation level lies in the difference in demand levels. Through multi-dimensional analysis, it is found that the demand of the middle class for community governance basically stays at the order level, while the bottom group rises to the communication level and touches the value level. The findings of this paper expand the academic field of vision on issues related to the public participation of the middle class, and also supplement and revise the previous research conclusions to a certain extent.
作者
王奎明
WANG Kuiming(The China Institute for Urban Governance/School of International and Public Affairs,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)
出处
《探索》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期152-164,共13页
Probe
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“公共服务类邻避冲突的发生演化机制与治理路径研究”(20BGL276),项目负责人:王奎明。
关键词
中产阶层
公共参与
社区治理
需求层次
城市治理
the middle class
public participation
community governance
demand level
urban governance
