摘要
基于1985—2020年的321个副部级及以上犯案官员信息,综合运用数理统计与空间分析方法,分析职务犯罪者的社会人口学特征、犯罪行为的时空分异与关联网络,探讨犯罪发生的原因机制并提出防控对策。结果表明:1)职务犯罪者男性远多于女性,初犯者以中青年为主,落马时多为中老年,犯罪类型以贪污、受贿为主,主要涉及能源行业与国企、事业单位。2)在时间上,初次违纪违法年份集中于1988—2008年,呈现“高位波动,集中三峰”特征;“落马”人数呈现“四峰两组,先小后大”态势,2011年后呈陡崖式上升,与社会经济变化和反贪腐力度有关。3)在空间上,职务犯罪者籍贯地多分布在华北、华东、华中,且于山东、江苏、上海、天津、北京和河南、吉林、黑龙江部分地区出现热点;任职地集中分布在华北和华东华中的部分地区,在京津冀、山西出现热点与大量集聚,在河南、四川、重庆、广东存在部分集聚;任职地变化的犯罪者多为迁移至北京直至落马,也有36.57%的犯罪者落马时在其籍贯地工作;职务犯罪者犯罪行为的辐射效应呈现地缘关联和“熟亲信”纽带,形成具有个体生命轨迹特点的“移动犯罪网络”。4)职务犯罪的发生可用公共选择等理论进行解析,是犯罪者根据自身条件与外部环境进行犯罪成本与收益比较后的决策行为,亦可从人-时-空方面进行综合防控治理。
This study aimed to observe the sociodemographic characteristics of Chinese senior officials who have committed duty crimes as well as the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of their work place and the social network between the offenders. Further, this study aimed to investigate the formation mechanism of Chinese duty crimes and suggest prevention and control measures. Thus, we conducted text analysis, mathematical statistics, and spatial analysis based on data from 321 officials who were at sub-provincial level or above and committed crimes in China from 1985 to 2020. The results showed that:(1) The number of male officials were significantly higher than their female counterparts, the majority of officials who first disciplined and violated laws were middle-aged,and most of them were middle-aged and older adults when they were disciplined. The criminal charges were mainly corruption and bribery, and crimes mainly occurred in the energy enterprise, government department, and central government-led enterprise.(2) In terms of time, the first time the officials disciplined and violated the laws were concentrated between 1988 and 2008, showing "high fluctuation with three peaks at 1994, 2000, and 2003." The number of offenders showed the trend of "four peaks" and can be divided in to two groups: 2001 and 2004, 2014 and 2017, first increased slightly and thereafter rapidly. After 2011, the number has increased approximately straight, indicating social and economic changes and anti-corruption efforts.(3) Regarding space,most officials resided in North China, East China, and Central China, with hotspots appearing in Shandong,Jiangsu, Shanghai, Tianjin, Beijing, and parts of Henan, Jilin, and Heilongjiang provinces. The officials’ work places were concentrated in North China, East China, and Central China, with hotspots and clusters in Beijing,Tianjin, Hebei, and Shanxi provinces with a few clusters in Henan, Sichuan, Chongqing, and Guangdong provinces. Most of the officials who changed their places of employment moved to
作者
于悦
李钢
徐婷婷
王皎贝
周俊俊
黄雨珊
夏海
Yu Yue;Li Gang;Xu Tingting;Wang Jiaobei;Zhou Junjun;Huang Yushan;Xia Hai(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,Xi'an 710127,China)
出处
《热带地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期1571-1584,共14页
Tropical Geography
基金
西北大学“仲英青年学者”支持计划(2016)
西北大学“人地关系与空间安全”特色优势团队建设项目(2019)。
关键词
职务犯罪
时空分异
犯罪轨迹
犯罪关联网络
防控对策
中国
duty crime
spatio-temporal differentiation
criminal track
criminal linked network
control measures
China
