摘要
基于积极应对人口老龄化的视角,总结现阶段中国农村养老的基本模式及其独特经验。通过对中部地区Y县农村调研,揭示农村老年人养老需求以及现阶段农村形成的多元性养老服务体系,表明县域社会是积极应对农村人口老龄化的主阵地。具体来说:农村老年人经济支持模式主要依托城乡居民基本养老保险制度、“以地养老”的小农保障体系以及基于“反馈模式”的家庭赡养;精神慰藉模式主要依托政府引导支持各类老年自组织再造集体活动空间、重构社会支持系统、激活主体参与热情和再续人生社会价值;生活照料模式主要依托国家兜底养老服务、农民互助养老服务以及半市场化养老服务。建议立足于县域社会,充分发挥老年人个人、农民家庭、农村社区、国家、市场等多元主体协同养老的优势,形成积极应对农村人口老龄化的中国经验。
Based on the perspective of actively responding to the aging of the population, this paper summarizes the basic mode and unique experience of rural pension in China at this stage. Through the rural survey of Y County in central China, this paper reveals the old-age care needs of the rural elderly and the diversified old-age service system formed in rural areas at the present stage, indicates that the county society is the main front to actively cope with the aging of the rural population. Specifically, the economic support model for the rural elderly mainly relies on the basic endowment insurance system for urban and rural residents, the "land-based pension" security system for small farmers, and the family support based on the "feedback model". Spiritual consolation mainly relies on the government to guide and support all kinds of elderly self-organization to reconstruct collective activity space, reconstruct social support system, activate the enthusiasm of the subject to participate and renew the social value of life. Life care mainly relies on the state pension service, the village mutual pension service and the semi-market pension service. It is suggested that based on the county-level society, we should give full play to the advantages of the elderly individuals,farmers’ families, rural communities, the state, the market and other multi-subject collaborative old-age care,so as to form China’s experience of actively coping with population aging.
作者
夏柱智
夏日
XIA Zhuzhi;XIA Ri(Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)
出处
《东北农业大学学报（社会科学版）》
2022年第4期1-9,共9页
Journal of Northeast Agricultural University:Social Science Edition
基金
中央高校基本科研业务基金项目“新时代构建中国特色渐进城镇化模式研究”(413000026)。
关键词
县域社会
农村人口老龄化
养老需求
乡村社会
county social
the aging of rural population
pension needs
rural society
