摘要
欧阳修的史学成就与其丰富而深邃的史学思想密不可分,而其史学思想又以其易学思想为哲理基础。在历史变易观上,欧阳修从“《易》道占其变”,变通是“天地之自然”,物极必反是万物变通的规律,“物极而不变则弊”等易学变通思想出发,肯定历史的变易性,坚持以“本末”的观点来看待历史,强调历史变易“有渐积”,进而提出具体的改革时弊主张;在历史盛衰观上,欧阳修认为“《易》之为说”是“止于人事”,虽然不否认天地鬼神的存在,但天人同情,“修人事”即是“不废天地鬼神之道”,在此基础上提出盛衰之理“岂非人事”的历史盛衰观,历史编纂实践奉行“书人不书天”的撰述原则,对人事如何决定历史盛衰作出了系统阐发。在道德史观上,欧阳修以家正、婚娶正,进而提出“事无不利于正”的易学思想为指导,肯定“道德仁义,所以为治”,以道德作为历史评判标准,大力宣扬“女祸”思想,提出礼乐治民的重要性,历史编纂秉持道德标准。
Ouyang Xiu’s historical achievements are inextricably linked with his rich and profound historical thought, which is philosophically based on his Yi Studies thought. On the concept of historical change, Ouyang Xiu, starting from the ideas of change in Yiology, such as “the Tao of Yi accounting for its change”, “change being the nature of heaven and earth”, the law of change being inevitable, and “things would be bad when they being extreme and unchanging”, affirmed the changeability of history, insisted on viewing history from the viewpoint of “the fundament and the incident”, emphasized that historical change “has a gradual accumulation”, then put forward specific ideas for reforming the evils of the times. On ups and downs in history, Ouyang Xiu believed that “Yi” is related to occurrences in human life, although not denying the existence of heaven and gods, but believing the heaven and human are equally important, “human activities” didn’t destroy the way of heaven and gods, on this basis, he put forward the theory that history is related to human affairs, and adhere to principles that paid attention to the human rather than heaven in historical writing, and gave a systematic exposition of human affairs determining the history. In terms of moral views, Ouyang Xiu was guided by the idea of righteous women, righteous marriages, and then proposed the Yiology idea that everything should be good for righteousness, affirming that ethics as a criterion for historical judgment and vigorously promoting the idea of disasters caused by women, at the same time, he paid attention to the rituals and music in ruling people, and upheld moral standards in historical compilation.
出处
《史学史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第3期16-28,共13页
Journal of Historiography
基金
贵州省2020年度哲学社会科学规划国学单列项目“易学视域下的宋代史学思想研究”(项目编号:20GZGX14)阶段性成果。
关键词
欧阳修
易学视域
史学思想
Ouyang Xiu
perspective of Yi Studies
the historical thought
