摘要
前资本主义社会的劳动产品没有普遍性地采取商品形式,商品并未成为社会结构的核心。在资本主义社会中,商品得到充分发展,商品生产与交换成为占支配地位的经济关系和社会关系,对商品进行哲学思考才可能获得普遍性意义。二重性是商品的本质特征,交换价值取代使用价值,抽象劳动取代具体劳动创造了一个颠倒的社会现实,塑造了新的社会结构和社会关系。《资本论》对商品及其二重性的分析具有深刻的社会认识论意蕴,这种社会认识论不是对资本主义社会结构和社会关系的一种客观描述,而是一种科学的历史批判。在对商品进行批判性反思的基础上,马克思发现资本主义的社会关系和社会结构的历史特殊性,以及由此造成的人的存在方式的悖论性。
The product of labor in the pre-capitalist society had not universally taken the form of commodities,and commodities had not become the core of social structure. In capitalist society,commodities became the core of social structure,and commodity production and exchange became the dominant economic and social relations,so a philosophical thinking on commodities has gained universal significance. Duality is the essential feature of commodities. With exchange value replacing use value and abstract labor replacing concrete labor,an inverted social reality was created with new social structure and social relations. The analysis of commodities and their duality in Das Kapital has profound social epistemological implications,which is not an objective description about capitalist social structure and social relations,but a scientific historical criticism. On the basis of a critical reflection on commodities,Marx found the historical particularity of capitalist social relations and social structure,as well as the resulting paradox of human existence.
出处
《社会科学辑刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第5期39-46,共8页
Social Science Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(21BZX030)
中央高校基本科研业务项目(2021CDSKXYMY010)。
关键词
商品
交换价值
抽象劳动
社会认识
commodities
exchange value
abstract labor
social epistemology
