摘要
发掘非洲本土居民在技术领域的成就,从思想与社会发展层面助力非洲的去殖民化已成为非洲技术史研究的鲜明特点。目前非洲技术史研究主要集中在以下四个领域:对前殖民时代非洲关键技术的独创性,学界肯定了非洲人曾独立取得诸多重要技术成就,但尚无法就非洲炼铁技术的来源达成一致;对非洲生产力的长期“落后”,部分学者认为犁、轮子等关键技术的缺失是重要原因,并尝试从自然环境、经济或文化因素解释该现象,但也有学者否认非洲生产力的落后性;对非洲与现代技术的互动,学界主要讨论了非洲在现代技术版图中的地位以及现代技术在非洲的发展问题;对本土技术在当代非洲发展中的应用,上述研究主要集中在本土农业、医疗与生态技术上,但也有学者对本土技术的推广表达了担忧。非洲技术史仍是一门亟待发掘的学科。随着学界关注的日益升温,其正在成为技术史研究的新增长点。
It has become a distinctive feature of the study of African technology history to explore the achievements of African indigenous people in the field of technology and contribute to the decolonization of Africa from the perspective of ideological and social development. At present, the research on the African histories of technology is mainly focused on the following four areas: For the originality of the key technologies in Africa in the pre-colonial era, the academic community has affirmed that Africans made many important technological achievements independently, but it is still unable to reach an agreement on the origins of African iron-making technology. For the long-term “backwardness” of African productivity, some scholars believe that the lack of key technologies such as plough, wheel is an important reason, and try to explain this phenomenon from natural environment, economic or cultural factors, but some scholars deny the backwardness of African productivity. As for the interaction between Africa and modern technology, the academic circle mainly discussed the status of Africa in the territory of modern technology and the development of modern technology in Africa. For the application of indigenous technologies in contemporary African development, academic circle mainly focuses on indigenous agricultural, medical and ecological technologies, but some scholars also have expressed concerns about the promotion of indigenous technologies. The history of African technology is still a subject to be explored. With the increasing attention of the academic circle, it is becoming a new growth point in the study of the history of technology.
作者
邓荣秀
DENG Rong-xiu(School of Marxism,Xi’an University of Posts&Telecommunications,Xi’an 710121,China)
出处
《自然辩证法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第8期43-47,72,共6页
Studies in Dialectics of Nature
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“20世纪的历史学和历史学家”(19ZDA235)。
关键词
非洲
技术史
本土技术
去殖民化
Africa
history of technology
indigenous technology
decolonization
