摘要
飞机的颗粒物排放会造成环境影响。为评估不同航班季节下颗粒污染物排放水平,采用基于黑碳形成氧化法(FOX)的改进计算方法对非挥发性颗粒物(PM_(nvol))排放指数进行了估算。使用B777、A320、A321、A330、B738机型历史QAR数据中空气流量、燃油流量等发动机参数,计算不同航班季节下多个LTO循环颗粒污染物排放指数及排放量。结果表明:在北方夏季气温较冬季大幅上升时,尽管PM_(nvol)排放指数呈下降趋势,但受燃油消耗率增加的影响,A320、A321、B738等主要机型颗粒物排放量显著升高,夏秋航季单次LTO循环较冬春航季分别升高了15.3、13.8、13.4 g,其涨幅为18.6%、21.3%、17.7%;B777等推力较大机型在夏秋季及冬春季燃油消耗率变化不大,夏秋航季单次LTO循环颗粒物排放量较冬春航季略低,降幅仅3%,约4.1 g;以北京首都国际机场实际起降数据为例,以上主要机型夏秋航季较冬春航季颗粒物总排放量分别增加了0.5、1.6、1.7、1.6、3.7 t。本研究表明,各机型不同航季下颗粒污染物排放差异显著,其影响不可忽视。以上飞机颗粒物排放特性分析结果可为民航业建立完整排放清单,实现航空发动机污染的精确管控提供参考。
Particulate emissions from aircraft can cause environmental impacts..In order to evaluate the emission levels of particulate pollutants in different flight seasons,an improved calculation method based on black carbon formation oxidation method(FOX)was used to estimate the emission index of non-volatile particulate matter(PM_(nvol)).Engine parameters such as air flow and fuel flow in historical QAR data of B777,A320,A321,A330 and B738 were used to calculate the emission indices and emissions of particulate pollutants from multiple LTO cycles in different flight seasons.The results showed that when the air temperature in northern China increased significantly in summer compared with winter,although the PM_(nvol) emission index showed a downward trend,the particulate matter emission of A320,A321,B738 and other main aircraftincreasedsignificantly due to the influence of the increase in fuel consumption rate.The single LTO cycle in summer and autumn increased by 15.3 g,13.8 g,13.4 g compared with winter and spring,respectively,with an increase of 18.6%,21.3%and 17.7%.The fuel consumption rate of B777 and other aircraft with large thrust had little change in summer and autumn and winter and spring,and the single LTO cycle particulate matter emissions in summer and autumn were slightly lower than that in winter and spring,with a decrease of only about 3%,about 4.1 g.Taking the actual take-off and landing data of Beijing Capital International Airport as an example,the total particulate emissions of the above main aircraft in summer and autumn increased by 0.5 t,1.6 t,1.7 t,1.6 t and 3.7 t compared with winter and spring,respectively.The emission of particulate pollutants varied significantly among different aircraft types in different aviation seasons,and its influence could not be ignored.The analysis results of aircraft particulate emission characteristics in this study can provide a reference for the civil aviation industry to establish a complete emission inventory and achieve accurate control of aeroengine pollution
作者
曲春刚
匡家骏
晏嘉伟
QU Chungang;KUANG Jiajun;YAN Jiawei(College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第8期2640-2652,共13页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2020YJS003)
中国民航大学开放基金资助项目(000031020102)。
