摘要
长芒苋(Amaranthus palmeri)原产于北美洲西南部的沙漠地区,随人类活动扩散到多个大洲并成功入侵了当地的生态系统。由于除草剂的滥用,长芒苋已经演化出包括莽草酸循环中EPSPS(5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶)的抑制剂草甘膦在内的多种除草剂抗性,正常剂量的草甘膦对具该抗性的长芒苋群体的控制作用微乎其微。近年来,具草甘膦抗性的长芒苋已扩散至多个国家并对农业生产造成严重损害。长芒苋于1985年在我国首次发现,现已在京津冀地区大面积分布,对我国的农业生产和生态环境产生巨大的威胁。目前已证实长芒苋对草甘膦抗性的机制可分为靶向位点抗性和非靶向位点抗性。前者包括EPSPS基因扩增和突变,EPSPS基因扩增发生于核外环状DNA(eccDNA)中,EPSPS突变则发生于Pro-106-Ser;后者涉及影响草甘膦吸收、转运等过程的转运体等结构。虽然长芒苋的2种草甘膦抗性机制已经明确,但是这些机制具体的起源和演化仍不清楚,还需要更深入的研究。阐述了长芒苋在中国的入侵现状,梳理了其草甘膦抗性机制的研究进展,并初步探讨了抗性产生的可能原因,以期对该杂草的防治有所裨益。
Amaranthus palmeri is a native weed in southwestern desert area of north America.As human activities,A.palmeri spread to many continents then successfully invaded local ecosystem.With herbicide abuse,A.palmeri has evolved multiple herbicide resistance including glyphosate the shikimate pathway EPSPS(5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase)inhibitor.Normal doses of glyphosate has little effect on the glyphosate-resistant A.palmeri population.And recent years,glyphosate-resistant A.palmeri has emerged in many countries and caused serious damage to agricultural production in some countries.In China,A.palmeri was firstly found in 1985,now has spread large area in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei which poses a great threat to China′s agriculture production and ecological environment.It has proved that A.palmeri′s glyphosate resistance is divided into target site and non target site resistance.The former includes EPSPS gene amplification and mutation,and EPSPS gene amplification occurred in eccDNA(extranuclear circular DNA)and mutation occurred at 106 site Pro-Ser.The later involves transporters and other structures that can affect the absorption and transport of glyphosate.Although the glyphosate resistance of A.palmeri is identified,the origin and evolution mechanism remain unclear and further research is needed.We reviewed the invasion status of A.palmeri in China and summarized the research progress of glyphosate-resistance mechanism,and preliminarily discussed the possible causes of resistance.We expect that this article will be beneficial to the control of A.palmeri.
作者
陈程
许昕妍
严靖
闫小玲
CHEN Cheng;XU Xin-yan;YAN Jing;YAN Xiao-ling(Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China;College of Life Science,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234,China)
出处
《农药》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第9期625-630,共6页
Agrochemicals
基金
上海市绿化和市容管理局科学技术项目(G212405)
国家自然科学基金(31700474)。
