摘要
提升技能人才的工匠精神是促使我国制造业向高质量发展转变的重要驱动。从专业知识、操作技能、创新能力、职业道德、职业理想、价值取向等方面构建了测度制造业技能人才工匠精神的指标体系,并建立学校、企业、社会、自身、家庭等五个层级影响因素的计量模型,基于问卷调查获取的286份企业数据,实证解析了我国制造业技能人才的工匠精神及影响因素,结果表明:(1)工匠精神在性别、年龄、学历上不存在显著差异,而在区域、行业上存在显著差异,总体表征为浙江>江西>重庆,资本密集型>技术密集型>资源密集型>劳动密集型,且采取多重事后比较分析表明区域差异显性强于行业差异;(2)各层级因素对行业的差异性影响大于区域差异,且对粗放型制造业的影响总体大于集约型,同时学校因素对各区域制造业技能人才工匠精神的影响较为显著。
Improving craftsman spirit of the skilled talents is an important drive to achieve high-quality development of the manufacturing in China. This study established an index system for detecting craftsman spirit of the skilled talents of the manufacturing from aspects of the professional knowledge, the operational skill, the innovation ability, the vocational ethics, the vocational ideal and the value orientation, set a model for evaluating the influencing factors of craftsman spirit of the skilled talents in the manufacturing industry from perspectives of the school, the enterprises, the society, the ego, and the family, and then conducted corresponding empirical analysis by using data of 286 questionnaires. The main conclusions were the followings:(1) There were no difference in the index of craftsman spirit by gender, age or diploma situation, but significant differences existed by region and sub-industry of the manufacturing industry, which indicated that Zhejiang>Jiangxi>Chongqing, capital intensive>technology intensive>resource intensive>labor intensive in general. Meanwhile, the result of multiple post-hoc comparative analysis demonstrated that the difference among regions was larger than that among the sub-industries.(2) The different factors influencing craftsman spirit among sub-industries were larger than those among regions. Factors at all levels had greater impacts on craftsman spirit of the skilled talents in the extensive manufacturing than those in the intensive, and factors of the school had more significant impacts on the formation of craftsman spirit of the skilled talents for all regions.
作者
左和平
李秉强
余静
Heping Zuo;Bingqiang Li;Jing Yu(Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal Uninersity,Nanchang 330038;Jiangxi Vocational Education&Industrial Development Institute,Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University,Nanchang 330038)
出处
《教育与经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期12-20,39,共10页
Education & Economy
基金
江西省教育科学规划项目“制造业技能人才‘工匠指数’的测评与影响因素研究”(21YB126)。
关键词
制造业
技能人才
工匠精神
测评
影响因素
manufacturing
skilled talent
craftsman spirit
measurement
influencing factors
