摘要
为探究不同灌溉模式和施肥处理对受涝稻田土壤酶活性的影响,为受涝稻田土壤质量的改良提供科技支撑,通过盆栽试验,分析常规灌溉(W1)和间歇灌溉(W2)2种灌溉方式和稻草还田+化肥(F1)、稻草还田+化肥+土壤调理剂(F2)、稻草还田+化肥+炭基肥(F3)3种施肥处理配施对分蘖期、抽穗期、收割后土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的变化规律。结果表明:与常规灌溉相比,间歇灌溉对水稻全生育期土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性均有提高作用,分别增加5.60%、13.16%、29.76%。与施肥处理F1相比,F2、F3处理的全生育期脲酶活性均值分别增加3.81%、8.65%;过氧化氢酶活性均值在分蘖-抽穗期分别增加6.74%、2.29%,收割后分别减少9.58%、20.85%;酸性磷酸酶活性均值分别显著减小37.03%、37.37%(p<0.05)。间歇灌溉配施土壤调理剂或炭基肥可以更有效增加受涝稻田土壤脲酶、过氧化氢酶活性,其中,炭基肥对提高脲酶活性的效果优于土壤调理剂。间歇灌溉能够减小土壤调理剂和炭基肥施用对酸性磷酸酶活性的抑制作用,改善受涝稻田土壤质量。
In order to explore the effects of different irrigation modes and fertilization treatments on soil enzyme activities and provide scientific and technological support for soil quality improvement in waterlogging paddy fields,the changes of the activities of soil urease,catalase and acid phosphatase at the tillering and heading stage and after harvesting of rice were analyzed based on a pot experiment under two irrigation methods including flooding irrigation(W1)and intermittent irrigation(W2)with three fertilization treatments including straw returning+chemical fertilizer(F1),straw returning+chemical fertilizer+soil conditioner(F2)and straw returning+chemical fertilizer+biochar-based fertilizer(F3).The results showed that compared with flooding irrigation,intermittent irrigation increased the activities of soil urease,catalase and acid phosphatase by 5.60%,13.16%and 29.76%respectively,during the whole growth period of rice.Compared with F1treatment,the average activities of soil urease under F2 and F3 treatments were increased by 3.81%and 8.65%during the whole growth period,respectively.The average activities of soil catalase were increased by 6.74%and 2.29%at tiller and heading stage,while decreased by9.58%and 20.85%after harvesting,respectively.The average activities of soil acid phosphatase were significantly decreased by 37.03%and37.37%,respectively(p<0.05).Therefore,intermittent irrigation combined with soil conditioner or biochar-based fertilizer could increase soil urease and catalase activities more effectively,and the effect of biochar-based fertilizer on urease activities was better than that of soil conditioner.Intermittent irrigation could reduce the inhibition of soil conditioner and biochar-based fertilizer on acid phosphatase activities,which improved the soil quality of waterlogging paddy fields.
作者
李明
徐涛
俞湾青
苏甜
刘方平
杨士红
LI Ming;XU Tao;YU Wan-qing;SU Tian;LIU Fang-ping;YANG Shi-hong(College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Jiangxi Center Station of Irrigation Experiment,Nanchang 330201,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2022年第9期24-29,共6页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
江西省水利厅科技项目(202124ZDKT09)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508303)。
关键词
灌溉模式
施肥
受涝稻田
间歇灌溉
土壤调理剂
炭基肥
土壤酶活性
irrigation mode
fertilization
waterlogging paddy fields
intermittent irrigation
soil conditioner
biochar-based fertilizer
soil enzyme activities
