摘要
为探讨水氮协同对河西走廊青贮玉米土壤氮组分含量和相关酶活性的影响,以及土壤氮组分含量和相关酶活性间的关系。2022与2023年,以青贮玉米为研究对象,设置2种滴灌量(5535、6150 m^(3)/hm^(2)),记为W_(1)和W_(2);3个施氮水平(249、280、311 kg/hm^(2)),记为N_(1)、N_(2)、N_(3),分析不同水氮协同处理下全氮(TN)、铵态氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝态氮(NO_(3)^(-)-N)、微生物量氮(MBN)含量的变化特征,以及与脲酶(URE)、蛋白酶(PRO)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性之间的相关关系。结果表明:(1)氮组分含量及相关酶活性均随土层深度的增加而降低。(2)节水滴灌较传统滴灌显著提高青贮玉米土壤TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N、MBN含量及URE、PRO、ALP和CAT活性;随着施氮量的增加,土壤TN、MBN含量增加,同时URE、PRO活性增强,而NH_(4)^(+)-N、NO_(3)^(-)-N含量以及ALP、CAT活性呈先升后降的变化趋势。(3)两年内,除W_(1)N_(3)处理外,W_(1)N_(2)处理下青贮玉米产量显著(P<0.05)高于其他处理5.76%~24.78%与9.26%~37.35%,但W1N2与W1N3处理间产量无显著差异。(4)TN与URE、PRO和CAT呈极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)正相关;NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N与URE、PRO和CAT均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与ALP呈显著正相关(P<0.05);MBN与URE呈显著正相关(P<0.05);土壤氮组分、酶活性与产量间均存在极显著(P<0.01)或显著(P<0.05)正相关关系。综上,滴灌量和施氮量分别为5535 m^(3)/hm^(2)、280 kg/hm^(2)是理想的水氮协同模式,可显著提高河西走廊青贮玉米土壤氮组分含量及相关酶活性。
The effects of water and nitrogen synergy on soil nitrogen component content and related enzyme activities of silage maize in Hexi Corridor were investigated,and the relationship between soil nitrogen component content and related enzyme activities was studied.In 2022 and 2023,two kinds of drip irrigation(5535,6150 m^(3)/hm^(2)),recording as W_(1) and W_(2),and three nitrogen application levels(249,280,311 kg/hm^(2)),recording as N_(1),N_(2) and N_(3),were conducted,with silage maize as the research object.The variation characteristics of total nitrogen(TN),ammonium nitrogen(NH(4)^(+)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)under different water and nitrogen synergistic treatments were analyzed,as well as the correlation with urease(URE),protease(PRO),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and catalase(CAT)activities.The results showed that:(1)The content of nitrogen components and related enzyme activities decreased with the increase of soil depth.(2)Compared with traditional drip irrigation,water-saving drip irrigation significantly increased the contents of TN,NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N,MBN and the activities of URE,PRO,ALP and CAT in silage maize soil.With the increase of nitrogen application rate,the contents of TN and MBN in soil increased,the activities of URE and PRO also increased,while the contents of NH_(4)^(+)-N,NO_(3)^(-)-N and the activities of ALP and CAT increased first and then decreased.(3)In 2022 and 2023,except for W1N3 treatment,the yield of silage maize under W_(1)N_(2) treatment was significantly(P<0.05)higher than that of other treatments by 5.76%-24.78%and 9.26%-37.35%,respectively,but the yield difference between W_(1)N_(2) and W_(1)N_(3) treatments was not significant.(4)TN was extremely significantly(P<0.01)or significantly(P<0.05)positively correlated with URE,PRO and CAT.NH_(4)^(+)-N and NO_(3)^(-)-N were extremely significantly positively correlated with URE,PRO and CAT(P<0.01),and significantly positively correlated with ALP(P<0.05).MBN was significantly positively cor
作者
张建喜
李广
王钰煐
袁建钰
徐国荣
张武清
ZHANG Jian-xi;LI Guang;WANG Yu-ying;YUAN Jian-yu;XU Guo-rong;ZHANG Wu-qing(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070;School of Architecture and Engineering,Gansu Forestry Vocational and Technical College,Tianshui Gansu 741020)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第10期16-25,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
甘肃省重点研发计划(22YF7FA116)
甘肃省财政专项(GSCZZ-20160909)
甘肃省高等学校产业支撑项目(2021CYZC-15)。
关键词
滴灌量
施氮量
氮组分
酶活性
青贮玉米
drip irrigation amount
nitrogen application rate
nitrogen component
enzyme activity
silage maize
