摘要
劳动保障监察是构建和谐劳动关系、推动共同富裕进程中一个重大的理论和现实问题,在切实维护劳动者合法权益领域发挥着良好的社会治理作用。本文试图跳出劳动监察的宏观研究视角,采取“以小见大”的研究路径,关注“责令改正”这一劳动保障监察最常用的手段,以期得出更加深入和更具操作性的执法方案。随着时代发展,传统刚性监察模式已无法满足“善治”政府和新就业形态的治理需求,本文认为应采取“多元共治”的治理理念和“刚柔并济”的监察模式,充分调动企业、工会、劳动者等多方主体的参与积极性。基于责令改正在案件处理“量”上的优势,本文通过分析近年来的办案数据,发现责令改正不但是劳动保障监察最主要的执法手段,而且还具有显著的柔性执法特征,借此可准确地分析出其在执法权限、人员队伍、利益协调、柔性改革等多重维度的社会治理作用。溯本清源,针对责令改正法律性质的理论争议,笔者认为应排除内部行政行为的解释,采用狭义概念、运用违法性确认和补救的法律效果来界定其柔性执法的法律性质。基于以上理论探讨,在分析大量劳动保障监察立法案件的基础上,有机整合出单独适用、行政处罚前置条件、与行政处罚并处、行政处罚后置条件四大类型,利用谱表识别出其对应的法律性质,从而切实提高劳动保障监察的执法水平,维护劳动者的合法权益,助力法治中国的建设。
Labor security supervision is a major theoretical and practical problem in the process of building harmonious labor relations and promoting common prosperity, and it plays a good social governance role in the field of effectively safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of workers. This paper tries to go beyond the macro research perspective of labor supervision, adopt the research path of “seeing the big from the small”, and pay attention to “ordering to correct”, the most commonly used means of labor security supervision, in order to get a more in-depth and more operational law enforcement plan.With the development of time, the traditional rigid supervision mode is no longer able to meet the governance needs of “good governance” government and new employment forms. This article believes that the governance concept of “multi-governance”and the supervision mode of “combining rigid and softness”should be adopted to fully mobilize the participation enthusiasm of enterprises, trade unions, workers and other subjects. Based on the “quantity” advantage of ordering to correct upon case processing, through the analysis of nearly ten years’ case data, the article found ordering to correct being not only the labor security supervision law enforcement measure, but also has the significant characteristics of flexible law enforcement, which can accurately analyze the law enforcement authority, personnel team, interest positioning, flexible reform and other multiple dimensions of social governance. Addressing theoretical dispute of the legal character of ordering to correct, the author believes that the interpretation of internal administrative acts should be excluded, the narrow concept should be adopted, and the legal effect of illegal confirmation and remediation should be used to define the legal nature of its flexible law enforcement.Based on the above theoretical discussion, on the basis of analyzing a large number of labor security supervision legislation cases, the article compounded
作者
陈成
CHEN Cheng(School of Law,China University of Labor Relations,Beijing 100048)
出处
《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期67-75,共9页
Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
研究阐释党的十九届四中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国集中力量战胜重大突发事件的制度优势及其法治化研究”(项目编号:20ZDA008)的阶段性成果。
关键词
劳动保障监察
责令改正
社会治理
类型化
labor security supervision
ordering to correct
social governance
types
