摘要
目的调查海南省四个市县农村生活饮用水三氯甲烷和四氯化碳含量并评价其健康风险,为保障农村生活饮用水安全提供依据。方法选择2019年海南省四个市县(白沙县、澄迈县、琼海市和屯昌县)生活饮用水为监测对象,共采样303份进行检测。按不同类型(出厂水和末梢水)和不同时期(丰水期和枯水期)进行监测,分别利用癌症风险模型和非癌症风险模型,对饮用水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳进行经口、鼻、皮肤的三重暴露途径的健康风险评价。结果2019年海南省四个市县三氯甲烷总检出率为60.1%,四氯化碳检出率为28.4%。四个市县的三氯甲烷浓度范围在2.80×10^(-4)~2.32×10^(-3)mg/L,平均1.31×10^(-3)mg/L;四氯化碳浓度范围在3.04×10^(-6)~6.36×10^(-6)mg/L,平均4.53×10^(-6)mg/L,检出浓度均未超国家限值,合格率均为100.0%。出厂水和末梢水中的三氯甲烷浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),丰水期和枯水期的三氯甲烷浓度差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三氯甲烷和四氯化碳的致癌风险均值分别为1.92×10^(-7)、7.74×10^(-9);非致癌风险分别为1.81×10^(-3)、8.50×10^(-4)。四个市县中,屯昌的三氯甲烷的致癌风险最大;而白沙的四氯化碳的致癌风险最大,但是均小于10^(-6)。结论海南省四个市县生活饮用水中三氯甲烷和四氯化碳均有检出,但结果均未超标;三重暴露途径中,经口摄入风险最大,经皮摄入风险最低;海南省四个市县农村饮用水中的三氯甲烷和四氯化碳总体健康风险均处于可忽略的范围,对人体的健康影响均在可接受范围。
ObjectiveTo investigate the levels of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in rural drinking water in four cities and counties in Hainan Province,and to evaluate their health risks,and provide basis for ensuring the safety of drinking water in rural areas.MethodsA total of 303 samples of drinking water in four cities and counties in Hainan Province in 2019 were selected as the monitoring object for testing.The monitoring results were analyzed according to different types(trated water and tap water),different periods(wet season and dry season).and the health risk evaluation of the triple exposure pathway of oral,nasal and skin of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride in drinking water was conducted,using cancer risk models and non-cancer risk models,respectively.ResultsThe overall detection rate of trichloromethane for the year was 60.1%,and the detection rate of carbon tetrachloride was 28.4%.The concentration of chloroform in the four cities and counties ranged from 2.80×10^(-4)-2.32×10^(-3)mg/L,with an average concentration of 1.31×10^(-3)mg/L;the concentration of carbon tetrachloride was in the range of 3.04×10^(-6)-6.36×10^(-6)mg/L,the average concentration was 4.53×10^(-6)mg/L.The detected concentration did not exceed the national limit value,and the pass rate was 100.0%.There was a statistically significant difference in the concentration of chloroform in trated water and tap water(P<0.05),and there was also a statistically significant difference in the concentration of chloroform in the wet season and the dry season(P<0.05).The average lifetime carcinogenic risk of trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride were 1.92×10^(-7)and 7.74×10^(-9)respectively;the non-carcinogenic risk were 1.81×10^(-3)and 8.50×10^(-4)respectively.Among the four cities,the carcinogenic risk of trichloromethane in Tunchang is the highest;while the carcinogenic risk of carbon tetrachloride in Baisha is the highest,but both are less than 10^(−6).Conclusion Trichloromethane and carbon tetrachloride were detected in
作者
聂宏骞
赖宣丞
易长文
鲁燕妮
叶海湄
NIE Hong-qian;LAI Xuan-cheng;YI Chang-wen;LU Yan-ni;YE Hai-mei(Hainan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou,Hainan 570203,China)
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2022年第6期555-559,共5页
China Tropical Medicine
基金
海南省自然科学基金项目(No.820MS156)。
关键词
三氯甲烷
四氯化碳
农村生活饮用水
调查
风险评价
Trichloromethane
carbon tetrachloride
rural drinking water
survey
risk assessment
